Field Survey of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in Sewage Biosolids Treated Agricultural Soils

References

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OMEE, 1997. Guidelines for Use at Contaminated Sites in Ontario. February, 1997. Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy.

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Pearson, R.G., McLaughlin, D.L., and McIlveen, W.D., 1990. Concentrations of PCDD and PCDF in Ontario Soils from the Vicinity of Refuse and Sewage Sludge Incinerators and Remote Rural and Urban Locations. Chemosphere, Vol. 20 Nos 10-12, pp 1543-1548.

Pers. Comm., 1997. Personal communication: L. Van Biesbrouck. Supervisor (A), Approvals and Plan Review, Hamilton District Office, Ontario Ministry of the Environment.

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U.S. EPA., 1989. Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update. Risk Assessment Forum, EPA/625/3-89/016. United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA. PB90-145756.

Webber, M.D., and Nichols, J.A., 1995. Organic and Metal Contaminants in Canadian Municipal Sludges and a Sludge Compost. Wastewater Technology Centre report, February, 1995.

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Wild, S.R., Harrad, S.J., and Jones, K.C., 1994. The Influence of Sewage Sludge Applications to Agricultural Land on Human Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins PCDDs) and -Furans (PCDFs). Environmental Pollution 83, 357-369.

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Author: L. W. Schut/OMAFRA; M. H. Marsh/OMOE; M.D. Webber/Water Technology International Corporation
Creation Date: April 1998
Last Reviewed: 13 April 2004