|
|
Temporary
Field Storage Of Solid Manure or Prescribed Materials
 |
| Agdex#: |
743/538 |
| Publication Date: |
01/05 |
| Order#: |
05-009 |
| Last Reviewed: |
01/05 |
| History: |
Replaces OMAFRA Factsheet Temporary
Field Storage of Solid Manure or Prescribed Materials, Order
No. 03-105 |
| Written by: |
Hugh W. Fraser, Engineer/OMAF |
Table of Contents
List of Tables
Introduction
Ontario Regulation 267/03 ("Regulation") made under the Nutrient Management
Act, 2002 (NMA) contains many provisions that apply to those farms required
to have a nutrient management strategy or plan. Currently, "new", "expanding
large" and "existing large" livestock operations are phased in, or will
shortly be phased in, by the requirement to have these documents. These
operations are now required, with some exceptions, to be able to store
their manure for 240 days. For solid manure, this can be achieved by
adding the days of all storage available, including:
- permanent storage (e.g. 3-walled concrete storage)
- in-barn storage (e.g. manure pack under animals)
- using a broker to periodically remove manure, and
- temporary field storage (Figure 1).
So, a chicken broiler farmer would meet 240 days if he:
- builds a permanent storage to hold 180 days of solid manure production
from the barn and
- stores at least 60 more days of manure production in a proper temporary
field storage, prior to land application.
Temporary field storage creates flexibility for farmers, but must be
done properly to reduce the potential for surface or groundwater contamination.
Figure 1. Temporary field storage of manure
in a vineyard.
Know Ontario's NMA and Other Legislation
The provincial Nutrient Management Act, 2002 and Regulation regulates
the storage, handling and application of nutrients that could be applied
to agricultural cropland. The objective is to protect Ontario's surface
and groundwater resources. Part VIII, s. 82-86 of the Regulation
outlines the standards for Temporary Field Nutrient Storage Sites.
What is Defined as Solid?
Solid, in relation to prescribed materials or nutrients, is;
'…having a dry matter content of 18 per cent, or more, or a slump
of 150 mm, or less, using the (slump test) set out in Schedule 5 to
Regulation 347 made under the Environmental Protection Act…'
To most farmers, 'solid prescribed materials' means 'solid manure'
containing bedding such as straw, peat moss, shavings, sawdust or other
materials, allowing it to stack and handle with loaders.
There are 3 ranges of dry matter content of solid prescribed materials
dealt with in the requirements for temporary storage in the Regulation.
Table 1 gives examples of these ranges.
Table 1. Ranges of Dry Matter Defined in Regulation
Greater than 50% dry matter
- All poultry on litter, such as broilers, broiler breeders, layer
pullets, turkeys
- Dehydrated greenhouse vines
Greater than 30%, but less than 50% dry matter
- Beef cows and calves on bedding
- Goats, sheep, rabbits on bedding
- Horses1 on
bedding
- Cured compost
18 to 30% dry matter
- Laying hens in cages; belts or deep pack
- Dairy operations on bedding
- Beef feeders on bedding
- Spent mushroom substrate
- Beef feeders1
on deep-bedded pack
- Dairy operations1
on deep-bedded pack
- Hog operations1
on deep-bedded pack
- Mushroom stumps2
- Asparagus butts2
- Culled potted plants2
1Adding bedding to manure increases
dry matter, so this manure could realistically move to a drier category.
2Agricultural-source materials
less than 18% dry matter, but which pass the 'slump test' should be
considered in this range for the purpose of the Regulation
| Top of Page |
Table 2. Differences Between Temporary
Field Storage And Permanent Storage
|
|
Permanent Storage
|
Temporary Field Storage
|
|
Storage period
|
Long-term, usually 240-400 days, or more
|
Short-term, 24 hours to 300 days maximum
|
|
Proximity to barn
|
Usually beside the barn where manure produced
|
Usually far from the barn in or near fields cropped
|
|
Walls
|
Usually concrete walls, but not always
|
Usually no walls, but bales can work temporarily
|
|
Floor
|
Usually concrete floor, but not always
|
Just the original field soil surface in a dry area
|
|
Location
|
Always in same place, beside barn/ road access
|
Changes from field to field as part of the crop rotation
|
Table 3. Minimum Site Requirements under
NMA Regulation
The Regulation outlines minimum site requirements related to
location. Rationales are shown in italics
|
Minimum Site Requirements
|
Rationale
|
|
The minimum depth of unconsolidated soil1
to bedrock under the site and within 3 m of the side of the
site, must be 0.3 m.
|
This minimizes the potential for runoff to reach bedrock
under, or near, a temporary storage site)
|
|
The minimum depth of soil above the water table2,
under the site and within 3 m of the side of the site, must
be 0.9 m.
|
This minimizes potential for runoff to reach the water table
under, or near, a temporary storage site
|
|
Nutrients must not be stored on soils that have rapid
infiltration rates, namely Hydrologic Soil Group 'AA'.
|
"Hydrologic soil group AA" means a soil with rapid infiltration
rates, namely hydrologic soil group A, as defined by the Drainage
Guide for Ontario, located on soils that have a depth of less
than 0.9 m to bedrock. There are very few locations in
Ontario with these conditions, but if you suspect your farm
is situated on one of them, use a metal rod to probe down at
least 1 m to check for possible shallow bedrock.
|
|
The storage site must not be located in an area that,
according to the flood plain mapping provided by the municipality
or conservation authority, is subject to flooding more than
once every 100 years.
|
Storage sites with the potential for flooding are inappropriate.
Ask the conservation authority if they have records indicating
that the proposed temporary storage is in a 1 in 100 year flood
plain.
|
|
The site must not have a slope greater than 3%.
|
3% is a vertical drop of 3 m every 100 m distance. Runoff
moves quickly on relatively steep slopes
|
|
There must be a flow path that is at least 50 m to the nearest
surface water or tile inlet, and located at least 0.3
m above bedrock.
|
Flow path is defined in the Regulation as 'a surface
channel or depression that conducts liquids away from the area'.
|
|
Do not locate the site within:
- 45 m of a drilled well that has a depth of at least 6 m
and a watertight casing to a depth of at least 6 m below
ground level
- 90 m of any other well, other than a municipal well
- 100 m of a municipal well
- 125 m of a single residence, or within 250 m of a residential
area, if the area is used for storing manure, or other prescribed
materials (but, not de-watered municipal sewage biosolids)
- 200 m of a single residence, or within 450 m of a residential
area, if the area is used for storing de-watered municipal
sewage biosolids
|
Setbacks help minimize risks to drinking water, and are
greater than those required for permanent storages since there
is more risk of runoff.
|
1 Unconsolidated soil has not been compacted,
other than through normal field traffic and cultivation.
2Water table is defined in the Regulation
as 'In relation to land, the highest level of water found in the ground,
as recorded in the water well records for the nearest water wells
to the land, or as determined by a test hole dug at or before the
placing of materials containing nutrients at a temporary storage site
located on the land.'
Table 4. Minimum Management Requirements
Under NMA Regulation
The Regulation outlines several minimum management requirements
for storage sites.
Rationales are italicised.
|
Minimum Management Requirements
|
Rationale
|
|
A farmer who receives and stores nutrients on site cannot receive
and store more nutrients than is expected to be used for crop
production on that farm unit in that operating year.
|
Storage piles should be size-appropriate for the field;
a temporary pile is truly temporary when it is used on the field
where it is placed.
|
|
Non-agricultural source materials stored in the site must
be used on the farm unit and cannot be transferred to another
farm unit.
|
Again, use them on the field where they are placed.
|
|
If more than one type of nutrient is stored on site, the nutrients
must be managed in accordance with the most restrictive requirements
applicable to any of the nutrients stored in the site.
|
See example 5 to follow.
|
|
If the site is located in an area that is tile-drained, there
must be a contingency plan in place to deal with any contaminated
liquid that might get into the tiles.
|
Farmers must be prepared to deal with runoff getting into
tile drains. Proving there are, or aren't tiles under or near
a temporary storage can be difficult. Some ideas include: checking
aerial photos of the field; looking for nearby tile outlets;
observing the first spots to drain in spring; or asking previous
owners and local drainage contractors. Probing at least 1 m
deep in more obvious locations for tiles with a metal rod can
help assist you, but is difficult over large areas.
|
|
Nutrients must not be stored on site for longer than the maximum
time allowed for each nutrient.
|
If you have more than one temporary field storage on the
farm in different locations, each one might have a different
allowable maximum time at that site based on the scoring system
for that site.
|
|
The site may be used again the following year if a minimum
of 75% vegetative cover is re-established on the site following
the removal of nutrients from the surface after the site ceases
to be in use each year.
|
To be used consecutively for temporary field storage, the
area must be able to grow vegetation again. This can be difficult
when the same site is used annually.
|
|
The operator shall provide a sketch of the site showing setback
distances, as described earlier, and maintain records for all
temporary field storage sites, which include the dates the site
was:
- established, then removed
- displaced, mixed or inverted, if applicable.
|
The more information in the sketch, and the more details
on management, the better.
|
| Top of Page |
Determining the Maximum Days of Temporary
Storage at One Location
If nutrients are stored in a temporary field storage site for longer
than 24 hours, then the Regulation standards apply. Allowable days
of temporary storage are based on 10 site characteristics and best
management practices. Farmers are 'rewarded with days of temporary
field storage' for methods protecting surface and ground water.
Table 5 in this Factsheet lists the 10 site characteristics
and best management practices, how each is used to cumulatively determine
the maximum allowable time of field storage at each site, and the
rationale. Storage period is linked to relative environmental risk
to surface and groundwater.
The total number of days is cumulative, but cannot exceed 300 days.
This applies for solid manure, other agricultural source materials,
and non-agricultural source materials. The one exception to this is
a maximum of 10 days for dewatered municipal sewage biosolids
If dewatered municipal sewage biosolids were stored in the same temporary
field storage site as manure, the maximum days of storage would still
be only 10 days.
Even though rules on temporary field storage only apply to farmers
required to prepare a Nutrient Management Strategy (NMS) or Nutrient
Management Plan (NMP), it is hoped farmers who do not yet have to
prepare a NMS or NMP will still adhere to the concepts of the site-scoring
system. This will help ensure temporary field storage of solid manure
and other prescribed materials do not contribute unnecessarily to
surface or groundwater contamination.
Table 5. Temporary Field Storage of Solid
Manure or Prescribed Materials Site-Scoring System
|
Item
|
Management Techniques and Field Conditions for Materials Stored
in a Temporary Field Nutrient Storage Site
|
Days
|
Your Farm
|
Rationale
|
|
1
|
% Dry Matter
|
Nutrients stored in the site have a dry matter content of
a) 50%, or more
|
+60
|
|
 The
higher the dry matter of manure, the more rainfall it can soak
up. Poultry farmers, with manure > 50% dry matter, know this
when they remove piles and see that rainfall only penetrates
up to 125 mm under the surface, as in the picture shown. Wetter
manure sheds rainfall off the sides, or lets it soak through
and into the soil. Keeping the pile as 'flat' as possible on
top helps force the rainfall to soak in and prevent runoff.
|
|
b) 30% or more, but less than 50%
|
+30
|
|
|
c) 18%, or more, but less than 30%
(includes horticultural culled materials)
|
+0
|
|
|
2
|
% N
and
% P
Added Together
|
The % of total nitrogen combined with the % of total phosphorus,
both on a wet basis, is:
a) less than 0.8%
|
+60
|
|
The lower these two nutrients are in manure when placed, the
lower the environmental risk if there is runoff. There is a
broad range of nutrient contents in solid manure, related to
species and diet. The table opposite lists average nutrient
contents by dry matter range in the NMAN database for many animals.
Your manure might vary depending on bedding.
|
Manure
|
18-30% DM
|
30-50% DM
|
> 50% DM
|
|
2.0%
|
2.8%
|
4.4%
|
|
1.4%
|
1.3%
|
NA
|
|
0.8%
|
1.3%
|
NA
|
|
0.9%
|
1.0%
|
1.6%
|
|
0.8%
|
0.9%
|
NA
|
|
|
b) at least 0.8%, but less than 1.6%
|
+30
|
|
|
c) 1.6%, or more
|
+0
|
|
|
3
|
Drainage Tile and Bedrock Location
|
a) There are no field drainage tiles at any depth of
the soil surface and no bedrock within 0.9 m of
the soil surface, located:
- Under the site
- Within 3 m of the perimeter of the site, or
- Within the first 50 m of the flow path to surface water
|
+0
|
|
If runoff from the pile sides, or leachate through the middle
of the temporary field storage does occur, there is less environmental
risk if the contaminated water has no conduit for travel to
surface or ground water. Conduits can be provided by tile, or
bedrock under, near, or in the first part of the flow path away
from the pile. Most Ontario farms are tiled, and many have bedrock
near the surface. It is natural to assume this is a good place
to store manure, since it is a dry place for machinery. However,
the Regulation encourages farmers to avoid these locations
by 'taking away' days of storage, on sites with these conditions.
|
|
a) There are field drainage tiles at any depth of the soil
surface or bedrock within 0.9 m of the soil surface, located:
- Under the site
- Within 3 m of the perimeter of the site, or
- within the first 50 m of the flow path to surface water
|
-60
|
|
|
4
|
Soil Type Under the Site
|
The site is situated on soil included in the following hydrologic
soil groups as defined by OMAFRA Publication 29, Drainage Guide
for Ontario:
a) B,C or D
|
+30
|
|
 The
heavier the soil under a temporary field storage, the less opportunity
there is for leachate to percolate down to the groundwater.
Clay soils are denser and better at preventing downward percolation
than lighter, coarser soils one might find in a peach orchard
such as the one in this picture.
|
|
b) A
|
+0
|
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of the Site
|
The outer edge of the site (of all piles), at the ground surface,
has a perimeter of
a) Less than 100 m
|
+30
|
|
Piles that have a more square and compact footprint, will soak
up more rainfall than piles of equivalent volume but more long
and strung out, since they have less total side perimeter for
runoff. The table opposite shows the perimeter of three piles,
all storing 100 tonnes of solid chicken broiler manure, stored
1.2 m deep (4 ft) when dumped from a truck; with one long, two
medium, or three short rows of piles.
|
Pile Type
(all connected together)
|
L x W (m)
|
Per.
(m)
|
|
1 long row
|
84 x 4.25
|
175
|
|
2 medium length rows
|
43 x 8.5
|
102
|
|
3 short length rows
|
29 x 12.8
|
84
|
|
|
b) 100 m, or more
|
+0
|
|
|
6
|
Covers and Tarps
|
a) The site is covered with a rain-shedding tarp that:
· has been anchored against wind removal
· has been placed on site the same day on which the first materials
were placed, and
· remains in place for entire storage period
|
+120
|
|
Tarps prevent contaminated runoff since  rainfall
does not touch the manure. However, tarps are unpopular because
they are inconvenient and difficult to anchor against wind removal.
Breathable tarps, such as the (partial) one shown here in a
compost turning system, are recommended (also see Examples
6 and 8).
|
|
b) Site not covered with rain-shedding tarp
|
+0
|
|
|
7
|
Distance to Surface Water
|
The site has a flow path to the nearest surface water or
water inlet for field tile drainage of:
a) 150 m, or more
|
+30
|
|
 If
runoff does occur, there is less environmental risk if the runoff
has to travel a long distance to surface water or to
a water inlet for field tile drains. Surface water is defined
in the Regulation. Water inlets for field tile drains,
such as water and sediment control basins that collect and drain
floodwaters (see photo) are not surface water under the
Regulation, but temporary field storages still should not
be near them.
|
|
b) At least 50 m, but less than 150 m
|
+0
|
|
|
8
|
Location of the Site
|
The site is situated on the same location, or within 125 m
of the same location
a) Not more often than once every 3 years
|
+60
|
|
 When
temporary field storage is in the same location year after year,
this is considered permanent storage. This causes a buildup
of soil nutrients, and can render the site uncroppable. Piles
should be size-appropriate to fields, and moved where needed
for the crops. Piles on the ground behind the barn, as shown
here, are not temporary field storages.
|
|
b) More often than once every 3 years
|
+0
|
|
|
9
|
Materials Removed from Site
|
a) The site is not situated on the same location, or within
125 m of the same location, more often than once every 3 years,
and the materials stored are removed from the site and
applied to land during the period between August 15 and October
15 in any year.
|
+60
|
|
 Many
farmers want to spread manure during the drier and later time
of summer and early fall, such as after wheat is harvested (see
photo). During this time, there is usually more evaporation
of moisture than is being replaced by rainfall, so there is
reduced risk of runoff. The Regulation provides an incentive
for temporary field storage manure that will be spread during
this drier season, as long as it is also being located on different
sites yearly, as in a crop rotation.
|
|
b) The situation described above does not apply to the site
|
+0
|
|
|
10
|
Turning of Stored Materials
|
a) The pile of materials stored on site:
- has dry matter between 25 and 60%, and
- has C:N ratio between 20:1 and 40:1, and
- is turned so that every piece of material in pile is displaced
from its former position and mixed or inverted once weekly for
the first 3 weeks, and once monthly after that
|
+120
|
|
 An
increasing number of farmers compost their solid manure for
use on their cropland, such as shown here. Long windrows of
manure with a lot of straw or wood shavings in them are placed
in the field, then turned often to mix them and introduce oxygen.
This improves the compost process, but also dries the piles
and breaks up surface crusting, allowing the piles to act as
sponges for most rainfall that lands.
|
|
b) The site described above does not apply
|
+0
|
|
|
Total Score
|
Add the totals in the column for 'Your Farm'
>>>
|
|
<<< Maximum allowable consecutive days of temporary
field storage at this location
|
| Top of Page |
Example 1
A temporary field storage for horse manure to be spread on
a corn field has these 10 characteristics:
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 1
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter
|
38%
|
+30
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
|
0.75%
|
+60
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
none
|
+0
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
clay (D)
|
+30
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
60 m
|
+30
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
none
|
+0
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
200 m
|
+30
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
every year
|
+0
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
May
|
+0
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
not turned
|
+0
|
|
Total maximum days allowed at this site
|
+180
|
So, the maximum time horse manure can remain at this site is 180
days. One simple way to increase this is to locate this temporary
storage on a site not used for temporary field storage in the last
2 years.
Example 2
A temporary field storage for chicken broiler manure in a vineyard
has these characteristics:
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 2
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter
|
62%
|
+60
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
|
3.4%
|
+0
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
tile present
|
-60
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
clay (D)
|
+30
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
50 m
|
+30
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
None
|
+0
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
300 m
|
+30
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
every year
|
+0
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
June
|
+0
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
not turned
|
+0
|
|
Total maximum days allowed at this site
|
+90
|
So, the maximum time chicken manure can remain at this site is 90 days.
Two ways to increase this would be to locate this temporary storage
on a site not used for temporary field storage in the last 2 years,
and one without tiles under it.
Example 3
A temporary field storage, for beef manure to be spread on a corn
field has these characteristics:
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 3
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter
|
32%
|
+30
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
|
1.2%
|
+30
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
None
|
+0
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
clay (D)
|
+30
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
150 m
|
+0
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
None
|
+0
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
500 m
|
+30
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
once/3 years
|
+60
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
September
|
+60
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
not turned
|
+0
|
|
Total maximum days allowed at this site
|
+240
|
So, the maximum time beef manure can remain at this site in temporary
field storage is 240 days.
Example 4
Mushrooms grow on a special organic mixture. After harvest
the mushroom substrate can be spread on fields just like manure. A
temporary field storage for spent mushroom substrate has these characteristics:
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 4
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter
|
25%
|
+0
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
|
0.75%
|
+60
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
tile present
|
-60
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
sand (A)
|
+0
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
50 m
|
+30
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
none
|
+0
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
75 m
|
+0
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
every year
|
+0
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
September
|
+01
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
not turned
|
+0
|
|
Total maximum days allowed at this site
|
+30
|
1 Note that even though the
pile will be spread in September, the site does not score an
additional 60 days because it does not meet the additional
condition of 'not situated on the same location more often than once
every 3 years'.
To increase storage time find a site without tiles, move it further
from surface water, move to different locations every year in a crop
rotation and continue to spread in September.
Example 5
A temporary field storage of manure is turned frequently and composted
in windrows.
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 5
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter
(use most restrictive one)
|
25% swine
40% cattle
|
+0
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
(use most restrictive one)
|
1.4% swine
1.2% cattle
|
+301
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
Tile present
|
-60
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
Loam (B)
|
+30
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
300 m
|
+0
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
None
|
+0
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
500 m
|
+30
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
Once/5 years
|
+60
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
May
|
+0
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
C:N is 30:1
|
+1202
|
|
Total maximum days allowed at this site
|
+210
|
1 The most restrictive manure
type must be considered when determining the score for the % Dry Matter
and the % N added to % P, regardless of the relative volume of each.
2 The C:N ratio of the mixture
is at the time of placement, as the C:N ratio will decrease
over time as composting proceeds.
To increase storage time above 210 days find a location without tiles
under it. This would increase storage time to 270 days, which for
most windrow composting systems is sufficient time to allow proper
composting and curing before field application.
Example 6
After cleaning the manure out of a broiler-breeder pullet barn,
a breathable rain-shedding tarp (shown here cut open, revealing dry
manure underneath) is applied immediately. The resulting temporary
field storage has the following characteristics:
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 6
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter
|
40%
|
+30
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
|
3.0%
|
+0
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
none
|
+0
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
clay (B)
|
+30
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
75 m
|
+30
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
yes
|
+120
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
250 m
|
+30
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
once/5 yrs
|
+60
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
September
|
+60
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
not turned
|
+0
|
|
Total days
|
+3601
|
|
But…total maximum days allowed at this site
|
+300
|
1 The maximum allowable days
in one location is 300 days.
For all-in/all-out operations such as broiler-breeder pullets, it
is easier to use a cover because once it is anchored in place, it
need not be removed until the manure is spread on the fields. This
is difficult when manure is added more frequently.
Example 7
A temporary field storage of culled cut flowers from a greenhouse
has these characteristics:
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 7
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter1
|
15%
|
+0
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
|
0.7%
|
+60
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
none
|
+0
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
clay (B)
|
+30
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
30 m
|
+30
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
none
|
+0
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
500 m
|
+30
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
once/3 years
|
+60
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
May
|
+0
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
not turned
|
+0
|
|
Total maximum days allowed at this site
|
+210
|
1 These culled cut flowers
are less than 18% dry matter, but would pass a 'slump' test, so
should be considered in the lowest dry matter range of 18-30% for
purposes of scoring the temporary storage site.
Example 8
A temporary field storage of beef manure, composted in windrows,with
a rain-shedding tarp that can be lifted and replaced during pile
turning, has the following characteristics.
|
#
|
Characteristics
|
Example 8
|
Days
|
|
1
|
% dry matter
|
40%
|
+30
|
|
2
|
% N added to %P
|
1.3%
|
+30
|
|
3
|
Tiles/bedrock under/nearby
|
tile present
|
-60
|
|
4
|
Soil type
|
sand (A)
|
+0
|
|
5
|
Perimeter of pile
|
250 m
|
+0
|
|
6
|
Cover
|
yes
|
+120
|
|
7
|
Distance to surface water
|
75 m
|
+0
|
|
8
|
Location of site
|
once/2 years
|
+0
|
|
9
|
Removal date
|
May
|
+0
|
|
10
|
Turning of pile
|
C:N is 30:1
|
+120
|
|
Total maximum days allowed on this site
|
+240
|
So, even though this temporary field storage site is located on
a light soil with tiles under it, the cover and turning of the pile
help minimize the risk of contaminated runoff. However, it is still
recommended that sites should still avoid tiled areas if possible.
This Factsheet was reviewed by: Chris Attema, Water Quality Specialist,
Beef/Sheep/Swine Industry, Don Hilborn, Resources Management Branch,
Andrew Jamieson, Nutrient Management Branch, Donna Speranzini, Crop
Technology Branch, OMAFRA.
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