Publication 75, Guide to Weed Control 2012-2013
Chapter 15. Tree Fruit & Grapes

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NOTES: Weed control ratings are given as 0–9 where 0 indicates no control and 9 indicates 90–100% control under ideal conditions. Ratings are subjective values based on best available information and give general comparisons based on use as described in this guide. Under unfavorable conditions (e.g. too dry, too wet, too cold, or poor application) the herbicides may not be as effective as indicated. Ratings may vary with weed and crop stage and with the timing and rates of the product(s) being used. Ratings in BOLD indicate the weed is listed on the product label for control or suppression. Please see product label for more information on registered weed species, product uses and precautions.

TABLE 15-1. Tree Fruit & Grape Weed Control Ratings

Trade Name

Crop Registrations

Annual Grasses

Annual Broadleaves

Perennial Weeds
apples apricots cherries/plums grapes peaches pears barnyard grass crabgrass fall panicum foxtails witchgrass sandbur chickweed, common lady’s-thumb lamb’s-quarters mustards pigweeds ragweed bindweed, field chickweed, mouse-eared dandelion goldenrod grape, wild ground-ivy (creeping charlie) mallow milkweed nightshade nutsedge plantains poison-ivy quackgrass sow-thistle stinging nettle thistle, Canada vetches virginia creeper

Soil Applied Grass Herbicides

DUAL II MAGNUM

check

check

check

 

 

check

9

9

8

9

9

–

6

2

7

2

8

4

0

–

5

–

–

–

–

0

–

8

5

–

0

0

0

0

0

0

FRONTIER MAX

 

 

 

check

 

 

9

9

8

9

9

4

–

2

7

2

8

4

0

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

–

8

–

–

0

0

0

0

0

0

Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

ALION

check

check

check

 

check

check

9

9

–

9

9

–

–

9

9

9

6

–

9

9

7

7

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

CASORON

check

 

check

check

check

check

7

6

6

6

7

–

8

7

8

3

8

4

7

7

7

–

5

6

–

–

–

7

7

5

7

7

–

7

7

–

CHATEAU

check

check

check

check

check

check

3

3

3

5

3

–

–

7

9

–

9

7

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

DEVRINOL

check

check

 

check

check

check

8

9

8

8

8

8

7

6

8

5

8

7

–

–

5

–

–

–

–

5

–

5

5

1

5

5

–

5

1

–

KARMEX

 

 

 

check

 

 

9

5

5

5

8

–

9

9

9

9

8

9

–

–

5

–

–

–

–

5

–

5

–

–

5

5

–

5

–

–

KERB

check

 

 

 

 

check

8

7

8

8

9

8

9

7

9

8

9

7

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

6

–

6

–

–

6

6

–

–

–

–

LEXONE

check

check

check1

 

check

check

8

8

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

8

8

–

8

6

2

2

2

2

6

2

6

8

2

6

2

2

6

2

0

LOROX

check

 

check

 

check

check

7

6

5

8

9

–

9

7

9

7

8

8

5

8

–

–

–

–

–

5

–

8

–

–

7

8

–

7

–

–

PRINCEP NINE-T, SIMADEX, SIMAZINE 480

check

check

 

check

check

check

8

8

6

8

8

–

8

9

9

9

9

8

2

–

5

–

–

–

–

0

–

5

–

–

6

5

–

5

0

–

SENCOR

check

check

check1

 

check

check

7

8

9

8

9

–

9

9

9

9

8

8

2

–

–

–

–

–

–

2

2

2

–

–

2

2

–

2

2

0

SINBAR

check

check2

check2

 

check

check2

8

7

8

8

8

5

9

7

8

8

7

7

6

8

6

–

–

–

–

6

–

6

8

–

6

1

–

6

1

–

TREFLAN

check2

check2

check2

 

check2

check2

9

9

8

8

8

–

7

6

8

3

8

4

2

–

2

1

1

1

0

2

2

–

2

0

2

2

2

2

2

0

Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf tank-mixes

DEVRINOL + PRINCEP NINE-T

check2

check2

check2

 

check2

check2

8

9

8

8

8

8

7

9

9

9

9

8

2

–

5

2

2

2

2

5

2

5

5

1

6

5

2

5

1

0

DEVRINOL + SINBAR

check2

check2

check2

 

check2

check2

8

9

8

8

8

8

9

7

8

8

8

7

6

–

6

2

2

2

2

6

2

6

8

1

6

5

2

6

1

0

DUAL II MAGNUM + LEXONE

check

check

check

 

check

check

9

9

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

8

8

2

–

5

–

–

–

–

2

2

8

–

–

2

2

2

2

2

0

DUAL II MAGNUM + PRINCEP NINE-T

check

check

check

 

 

check

9

9

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

8

8

2

–

5

–

–

–

–

0

–

8

–

–

6

5

–

5

0

–

SENCOR + TREFLAN

check2

check2

check2

 

check2

check2

8

8

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

8

8

2

–

2

1

1

1

0

2

2

2

2

0

2

2

2

2

2

0

Postemergence Grass Herbicides

POAST ULTRA

check

check

check

 

check

check

8

8

9

8

9

–

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

6

0

0

0

0

0

VENTURE L

check

check

check

check

check

check

9

9

9

9

9

–

1

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

7

0

0

0

0

0

Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

AIM EC (Hooded Sprayer)

check3

check3

check3

check3

check3

check3

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

8

8

8

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

8

–

8

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

BASAGRAN

check2

check2

check2

 

check2

check2

0

0

0

0

0

0

8

9

7

8

8

8

7

–

–

–

–

–

–

5

2

84

2

–

2

5

84

6

5

–

2,4-D*

check

check

check

 

check

check

0

0

0

0

0

–

7

4

8

9

9

8

5

2

8

2

5

2

2

2

–

2

8

–

2

6

–

8

5

–

Postemergence Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

AMITROL-240

check

 

 

 

 

 

–

–

8

–

–

–

7

6

6

–

5

–

–

–

9

–

2

–

–

8

–

8

–

8

8

8

6

8

8

–

GLYPHOSATE*

check

check

check

check

check

check

9

9

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

9

9

8

9

8/95

–

8

5

5

9

–

5

9

9

9

9

5

9

54

84

GRAMOXONE

check

check

check

check

check

check

9

9

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

9

9

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

GRAMOXONE + DEVRINOL

check

 

 

check

 

check

9

9

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

9

9

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

IGNITE

check

 

check

check

check

 

9

9

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

8

9

9

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

5

9

84

84

84

84

Other Tank-Mix Options

ALION + GLYPHOSATE*

check

check

check

 

check

check

9

9

9

9

9

–

9

9

9

9

9

9

8

9

8/95

7

8

5

5

9

–

5

9

9

9

9

5

9

54

84

ALION + IGNITE

check

check

check

 

check

check

9

9

–

9

9

–

–

9

9

9

6

–

9

9

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

5

9

84

84

84

84

checkIndicates crop registration.

BOLD numbers indicate the weed is listed on the product label for control or suppression.

– Insufficient information available to make a rating.

1 For cherries only.

2 Non-bearing trees only.

3 Hooded sprayer application only.

4 Top growth only; regrowth can be expected.

5 Use higher rates when larger than 15 cm tall or across.

* Various formulations available, see Table 4-1. Herbicides Used in Ontario, page 29.

 

Cultural Weed Control in Fruit Crops

A successful weed control program must integrate cultural and chemical weed control practices. Growers cannot depend entirely on chemical weed control in fruit and vine crops, since there is a limited spectrum of herbicides registered for these crops.

Perennial Weed Control

It is important to identify and control perennial weeds in the preplanting year. It is very difficult to control perennial weeds once a planting is established because of crop sensitivity to some herbicides and since it is not possible to clean cultivate in established orchards or vineyards.

The following perennial weeds present serious problems in these crops; quackgrass, bindweed, vetch, wild grape, perennial nightshade, thistles, ground-ivy (creeping charlie) and burdock.

Systemic herbicides such as glyphosate (e.g. ROUNDUP) or amitrole (e.g. AMITROL 240) should be applied to perennial weeds in the preplanting year. Consult the product label and be sure to use the recommended rate for the weed in question. Apply the herbicide at the proper stage of growth of the weed, otherwise only temporary control will be achieved. Repeated cultivations of some perennial weeds such as bindweed will also provide control.

Site Preparation

A green manure crop such as perennial rye-grass or Sudan grass should be established in the preplanting year following or in conjunction with measures to control perennial weeds. This crop will provide competition to reduce weed growth as well as improving the soil structure. Non-selective herbicides can be applied before planting the green manure crop and before plowing it under. Short residual selective herbicides such as 2,4-D may be used with the green manure crop, but avoid using herbicides that leave a soil residue that will carry over into the planting year. See Chapter 6, Preplant – Site Preparation Prior to any Crop, page 90.

Mulching

A biodegradable plastic mulch could be used for weed control in the planting strip. Mulch will also assist in weed control beneath the trees or in the planting strip if it is applied early in the season before the weed seeds germinate. Use mulch that is free of weed seeds and ensure that enough nitrogen is provided for the plants. The mulch should be pulled away from around the tree bases for winter rodent protection. Peastone gravel is another option that can be applied around the base of the trees. The gravel will provide weed control, as well as, improve drainage, encourage deeper rooting and discourage rodents.

Reducing Weed Pressure

Cultivation can provide weed control between the rows. Alternatively, a vigorous sod between the rows will prevent weeds from becoming established. It is better to seed a fescue sod rather than rely on a natural sod composed of weed and grass species because the weeds will seed into the orchard or vine row.

Prevent weeds from setting seed in adjacent uncropped areas by using cultural or chemical weed control measures. Mowing at regular intervals will prevent many weeds from flowering. Try to control weeds that escape before they set seed by cultural removal or chemical mowing. In some situations, tools such as a weed whip may be of use. Mowers are available which will cut close to the trees without injury. Mowing, however, will not eliminate weed competition.

Rotating Herbicide Families

(See Table 4-6. Weed Populations Confirmed Resistant to Herbicide Groups in Ontario Counties, page 74).

In perennial crops, rotation of herbicide families is important to minimize the build up of seed from weed escapes, including triazine tolerant weeds. Rotation will also help avoid an accumulation of herbicide residues in the soil that may result in crop injury over a period of years and may hinder replanting.

Herbicide Application Timings

Preplant (PP) Treatments

Preplant treatments are applied before the orchard or vineyard is planted. Some of these herbicides kill seedlings soon after germination while others also kill weed seeds. Most herbicides used for these treatments must be thoroughly incorporated into the soil by cultivation soon after application. Check the label. Also see Preplant Weed Control, Preplant – Site Preparation Prior to any Crop, page 90 for details of products, rates and remarks.

Preplant (PP) Weed and Cover Crop Control

Control cover crops and emerged weeds before planting orchards or vineyards. Refer to Table 6-1. Non-Selective Herbicides Available for Preplant Site Preparation, page 87. Alternatively, a grower may choose to kill the cover crop and/or emerged weeds just before planting the orchard or vine crop and either till the area or leave the seedbed untilled.

Preplant Incorporated (PPI)

Two incorporations at right angles operating at a depth of 10 cm using a double disk (7–10 km/hr) or vibrating shank S-tine cultivator (10–13 km/hr) are required unless otherwise stated. Cultivation-type equipment used for herbicide incorporation is known to spread perennial weeds to previously uninfested areas. Special attention should be directed toward machinery cleanliness and/or treating fields with perennial weeds last.

Preemergence (PRE)

Rainfall at 15–20 mm within 7–10 days after application is necessary to activate preemergence treatments. Shallow cultivation, rotary hoeing or harrowing will control weed escapes and improve herbicide activity in the absence of rainfall. These materials prevent emergence of many weed seedlings without reducing crop stand. Apply immediately after seeding or at least before the emergence of the crop. If these materials are applied after weeds have emerged, kill is usually poor. Best results are obtained with this method when conditions for weed seed germination are good.

Postemergence (POST)

These chemicals are applied after the orchard or vineyard is planted. Applied as directed, the weeds can be killed without injury to the crop. Leaf stage of the weeds is critical for good weed control. Smaller weeds are generally easier to kill but there needs to be enough leaf surface to intercept the herbicide. Apply according to recommended leaf stages. Crop stage is important to optimize crop safety. Adjuvants will frequently improve the weed control when used as directed. Weather or other conditions may influence the optimum rate of adjuvant, see the product label for more details. Always use appropriate drift management technology.

Inter-Row Weeding

The herbicide is directed between the orchard and/or vineyard rows onto the emerged weeds. The herbicide is used as a rescue operation where other methods of weed control have failed. Use special low pressure (7–15 kPa) applicators such as dribble bars or vibra jets equipped with shields to prevent wetting the crop. See Stale Seedbed and Inter-Row Weeding, page 92.

Wiper Applicators for Selective Weed Control

Wiper applicators (rope-wick, roller applicator or similar device) have been extensively used with glyphosate (ROUNDUP). Check product labels for use of this application technique with other herbicides.

TRADE NAME

(Concentration)

active ingredient

PRODUCT RATE

PER HECTARE

active rate per ha

PRODUCT RATE

PER ACRE

PRECAUTIONS

For more information, see Chapter 4, Herbicides Used in Ontario, page 27
and Chapter 5, Notes on Adjuvants, page 77.

Apples

Site Preparation Before Planting – See Chapter 6, Preplant Weed Control, page 90.

Recommended rates per hectare or per acre refer to area actually treated with herbicide. Unless specified, apply all treatments in 150–300 L/ha (60–120 L/ac) water.

CAUTION – simazine, DEVRINOL and SINBAR residues high enough to harm many crops may persist for several years after removal of orchard.

Soil Applied Grass Herbicides

DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

 

s-metolachlor/benoxacor

1.75 L/ha

 

1.6 kg/ha

0.7 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 2% organic matter.
    		•

    KERB (50 WSP)

     

    propyzamide

    4.5 kg/ha

     

    2.25 kg/ha

    1.8 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply from late September to early November when soil is cool and moist but not frozen.
  • Use only under apple trees established at least 1 year.
  • 5 kg/ha is equivalent to 45 g/100 m2.
    		•

    Soil Applied Broadleaf Herbicide

    LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    metribuzin

    0.5–1 kg/ha

     

    0.38–0.75 kg/ha

    0.2–0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge. Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

    ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    indaziflam

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE to weeds. Apply to soil before weeds germinate. If weeds have emerged, this product may be tank-mixed with a burndown herbicide (consult label for further instructions).
  • May be applied at anytime throughout the growing season when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Excessive crop or weed debris present on the soil surface at time of application may prevent uniform product distribution reaching the soil and reduced weed control.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
    		•

    AMITROL 240 (231 g/L)

     

    amitrole

    9.5–13.5 L/ha

     

    2.19–3.12 kg/ha

    3.8–5.4 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For all emerged weeds including poison-ivy.
  • Spray to wet entire weed to the ground after foliage has fully developed.
  • Keep spray off tree trunks as much as possible.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days before harvest.

    • CASORON G-4 (4 GR)

     

    dichlobenil

    110–175 kg/ha

     

    4.4–7 kg/ha

    44–70 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply to cool, moist soil in spring before weeds emerge or after cultivation.
  • Do NOT apply if air temperatures are above 10–15°C to avoid injury from volatilization.
  • Do NOT apply until 4 weeks after transplanting.
  • Do NOT use on light sandy soils.
  • 70 g applied to an area 2×2 m is equivalent to 175 kg/ha (70 kg/ac).
    		•

    CHATEAU WDG (51.1%)

     

    flumioxazin

    0.28–0.42 kg/ha

     

    0.14–0.21 kg/ha

    0.11–0.17 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Maximum 2 applications per growing season at least 30 days apart.
  • Apply the lower rate to coarse textured soil with less than 5% organic matter and apply the higher rate to medium textured soil with less than 5% organic matter.
  • Do NOT apply within 100 m of non-dormant pears.
  • Apply using ground application only.
  • Do NOT apply to trees established less than 1 year.
  • Do NOT apply after bud break unless using hooded or shielded equipment.
  • After use, tanks and nozzles must be cleaned with a 3% ammonia solution. Please review label for more detailed instructions.
  • Do NOT harvest within 60 days of application.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

     

    napropamide

    9 kg/ha

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge, but not on frozen ground.
  • Avoid contact with fruit and foliage.
  • Use a directed spray at low pressure.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential within 2 days of application.
  • Do NOT apply when fruit is on the ground during harvest.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    napropamide

    + simazine

    7 kg/ha

    1.1-5.0 kg/ha

     

    3.5 kg/ha

    1.0-4.5 kg/ha

    2.8 kg/ac

    4.4-2 kg/ac
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the planting year.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Apply the lower rate to trees established less than 1 year.
  • Do NOT apply to sandy soils that have organic matter less than 2%.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground or during harvest.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential within 2 days of application.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    napropamide

    + terbacil

    9 kg/ha

    0.6 kg/ha

     

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    0.48 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac

    0.24 kg/ac
  • Make only 1 application in the planting year.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential within 2 days of application.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground or during harvest.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + simazine

    1.25–1.75 L/ha

    1.1–5.0 kg/ha

     

    1.14–1.6 kg/ha

    0.99–4.5 kg/ha

    0.5–0.7 L/ac

    0.44–2 kg/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply post-planting, once per year as a band treatment before weeds emerge, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
  • For established plantings use higher rates.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + LEXONE DF (75 DF)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + metribuzin

    1.75 L/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    metribuzin

    0.5–1 kg/ha

     

    0.38–0.75 kg/ha

    0.2–0.4 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Before planting trees.
  • Make a single application as an orchard floor or planting row treatment.

    • LOROX DF (50 DF)

     

    linuron

    8.6 kg/ha

     

    4.3 kg/ha

    3.44 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply as directed spray before weeds are 10 cm high.
  • Apply in 400–600 L/ha water (160–240 L/ac) with a surfactant.
  • Avoid contact with fruit, foliage or tree bark with spray or drift.
  • Use only under trees established at least 10 years.
    		•

    PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    simazine

    1.1–2.2 kg/ha

     

    1–2 kg/ha

    0.44–0.88 kg/ac
  • Planting year.
  • PRE – Apply post planting, preemergent to weeds, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Apply ONCE per season.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.

    • PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

    or SIMADEX (500 g/L)

    or SIMAZINE 480 (480 g/L)

     

    simazine

    2.5–5 kg/ha

    4.5–9 L/ha

    4.7–9.4 L/ha

     

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

    1–2 kg/ac

    1.8–3.6 L/ac

    1.88–3.76 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in 300–1,000 L/ha water (120–400 L/ac).
  • Use only under trees planted for 1 year or more.
  • Use higher rate on perennial weeds such as quackgrass.
  • May be combined with glyphosate.
  • Hoe or cultivate weeds if they have emerged prior to treatment.
    		•

    SENCOR 75 DF (75 WG)

    + TREFLAN EC(480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    metribuzin

    + trifluralin

    0.55–0.75 kg/ha

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.41–0.56 kg/ha

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.22–0.3 kg/ac

    0.5–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Make only 1 application in the planting year.
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Before planting trees as an orchard floor or planting row treatment.
  • Apply higher rates to clay soils.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    terbacil

    1.25 kg/ha

     

     

    1 kg/ha

    0.5 kg/ac
  • Planting year.
  • Make 1 application a year.
  • PRE – Apply after planting trees, before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT use on soils with less than 3% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    terbacil

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

     

     

    1.8–3.6 kg/ha

    0.9–1.8 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply in 1,000 L/ha water (400 L/ac).
  • Avoid contact with foliage.
  • Use only under trees established for at least 3 years.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

    + LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    terbacil

    + metribuzin

    0.63 kg/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

     

    0.5 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.25 kg/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply as a band under trees before weeds emerge.
  • Use ONLY 1 application per year.
  • Do NOT use on soil coarser than sandy loam with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    trifluralin

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.48–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Apply once in the planting year ONLY.
  • Use at least 100 L/ha water (40 L/ac).
  • Use higher rates on clay soils.
    		•

    Postemergence Grass Herbicides

    POAST ULTRA (450 g/L)

    + MERGE

     

    sethoxydim

    + surfactant/solvent

    0.32–1.1 L/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

     

    0.14–0.5 kg/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

    0.13–0.44 L/ac

    0.1–0.8 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • For annual grass, use 0.32 L/ha. Apply at the 1–6 leaf stage.
  • For volunteer grains, use 0.47 L/ha.
  • For quackgrass, use 1.1 L/ha. Apply up to the 3 leaf stage.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT apply if rain is expected within 1 hour after application.
    		•

    VENTURE L (125 g/L)

     

    fluazifop-p-butyl

    0.6–2 L/ha

     

    0.075–0.25 kg/ha

    0.24–0.8 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply post to actively growing grasses before tillering.
  • Apply at 0.6 L/ha (0.24 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer corn.
  • Apply at 0.8 L/ha (0.32 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer wheat and barley.
  • Apply at 1 L/ha (0.4 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of annual grasses (2–4 leaf for foxtails).
  • Apply at 2 L/ha (0.8 L/ac) at 3–5 leaf stage of quackgrass and wirestem muhly.
  • Grasses emerging after the treatment will not be controlled.
  • Do NOT apply more than once per year.
    		•

    Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

    2,4-D (470 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (564 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (660 g/L)*

     

    2,4-D*

    2 L/ha

    1.68 L/ha

    1.44 L/ha

     

    0.95 kg/ha

    0.8 L/ac

    0.67 L/ac

    0.58 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For broadleaf weeds, including dandelion, seedling Canada thistle and sow-thistle.
  • Apply in early spring after weeds emerge or postharvest to actively growing weeds.
  • Do NOT apply when usable fruit is on the orchard floor.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 80 days to harvest.
    		•

    AIM EC (240 g/L)

    + AGRAL 90

    or AG-SURF

    or MERGE

     

    carfentrazone-ethyl

    + non-ionic surfactant

    or surfactant/solvent

    36.5–150 mL/ha

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L

     

    8.8–36 g/ha

    0.25% v/v

    0.1% v/v

    14.6–60 mL/ac

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply post with a hooded sprayer between the rows.
  • Apply to basal shoots (suckers) before they have hardened bark.
  • Use the higher rate of 150 mL/ha for control of suckers.
  • Apply to actively growing weeds up to 10 cm tall.
  • Apply in of 200 L/ha (80 L/ac) water.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT exceed two applications a year.
  • Severe injury may result if the spray is allowed to come in contact with the green bark, leaves, bloom or fruit.
    		•

    BASAGRAN (480 g/L)

    + ASSIST

     

    bentazon

    + oil concentrate

    1.75–2.25 L/ha

    1–2 L/ha

     

    0.84–1.08 kg/ha

    1–2 L/ha

    0.7–0.9 L/ac

    0.4–0.8 L/ac
  • New plantings.
  • Directed spray only. Do NOT overspray.
  • Apply in 100–400 L/ha water (40–160 L/ac) with at least 275 kPa pressure.
  • Avoid tree leaves.
  • Use lower rate of assist under hot, humid conditions.
  • Make ONLY 2 applications, 10 days apart at the low rate, in the planting year.
    		•

    LONTREL 360 (360 g/L)

     

    clopyralid

    0.56 L/ha

     

    0.202 kg/ha

    0.22 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • For control of vetch at early flowering stage.
  • Apply in the spring as a spot treatment.
  • Avoid contact with tree limbs.
  • Do NOT apply when usable fruit is on the orchard floor.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
    		•

    Non-Selective Herbicides and Tank Mix Options

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For actively growing weeds.
  • Apply in 200–300 L/ha water (80–120 L/ac) as a directed spray.
  • Remove all suckers from base of trunks before application.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT mow or till weeds for at least 5–7 days after application. Wait longer if cool.
  • Only weeds emerged at application time will be controlled. Additional weed control programs will be necessary to control weeds germinating later.
  • Repeat application to regrowth may be necessary for complete control.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1 L/2 L water

    0.75 L/2 L water

    0.72 L/2 L water

    0.67 L/2 L water

     

    0.36 kg/2 L

     
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply with a rope wick or other similar device when weeds are at the optimum stage.
  • Avoid contact with the leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply when weeds are wet.
  • See Wick Wiper and Roller Application, page 96.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1–2 L/100 L water

    0.75–1.5 L/100 L water

    0.72–1.44 L/100 L water

    0.67–1.34 L/100 L water

     

    0.36–0.72 kg/100 L
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Use hand held sprayers as a spot treatment if wiper equipment is not available.
  • Avoid contact with leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days before harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glyphosate

    indaziflam

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

     

    paraquat

    5.5 L/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha (440 L/ac) water.
  • For spot spraying, apply 55 mL in 10 L of water sprayed to wet weed foliage.
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
  • May be used in mixtures with SINBAR, DEVRINOL or SIMAZINE.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

    + DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

     

    paraquat

    + napropamide

    5.5 L/ha

    9 kg/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    4.5 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac

    3.6 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Add DEVRINOL to tank first then agitate and add GRAMOXONE.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha water (440 L/ac).
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    paraquat

    + simazine

    5.5 L/ha

    2.5-5 kg/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac

    1–2 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • To control emerged weeds and provide residual control of germinating weeds.
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
  • See precautions on GRAMOXONE and PRINCEP above.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    2.7–5 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac).
  • Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • For trees established at least 1 year.
  • Do NOT make more than two applications a year.
  • Do NOT apply more than 6.7 L in 1 year.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    indaziflam

    2.7–5 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high, when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac). Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

    or SIMADEX (500 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    + simazine

    2.7–5 L/ha

    2.5–5 kg/ha

    4.5–9 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac

    1–2 kg/ac

    1.8–3.6 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • To control emerged weeds plus residual control of annual grasses and broadleaf weeds.
  • Use as a directed spray around the bases of trees established once a year.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.

    • PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

    + glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    simazine

    + glyphosate

    2.5–5 kg/ha

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.67–8.9 L/ha

    1.6–8.54 L/ha

    1.48–7.9 L/ha

     

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

    0.8–4.27 kg/ha

    1–2 kg/ac

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.67–3.56 L/ac

    0.64–3.41 L/ac

    0.59–3.16 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • To control actively growing weeds, with residual control of germinating weeds.
  • Apply in 200–300 L/ha water (80–120 L/ac) as a directed spray.
  • Remove all suckers from base of trunks before application.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
    		•

    Apricots

    Site Preparation Before Planting – See Chapter 6, Preplant Weed Control, page 90.

    Recommended rates per hectare or per acre refer to area actually treated with herbicide. Unless specified, apply all treatments in 150–300 L/ha (60–120 L/ac) water.

    CAUTION – simazine, DEVRINOL and SINBAR residues, high enough to harm many crops, may persist for several years after removal of orchard.

    Soil Applied Grass Herbicides

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    1.75 L/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 2% organic matter.
    		•

    Soil Applied Broadleaf Herbicide

    AIM EC (240 g/L)

    + AGRAL 90

    or AG-SURF

    or MERGE

     

    carfentrazone-ethyl

    + non-ionic surfactant

    or surfactant/solvent

    36.5–150 mL/ha

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L

     

    8.8–36 g/ha

    0.25% v/v

    0.1% v/v

    14.8–60 mL/ac

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply POST with a hooded sprayer between the rows.
  • Apply to actively growing weeds up to 10 cm tall.
  • Apply to basal shoots (suckers) before they have a hardened bark.
  • Use a higher rate of 150 mL/ha for control of suckers.
  • Apply 200 L/ha (80 L/ac) water.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT exceed more than two applications per year.
  • Severe injury may result if the spray is allowed to come in contact with the green bark, leaves, bloom or fruit.
    		•

    Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

    ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    indaziflam

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE to weeds. Apply to soil before weeds germinate. If weeds have emerged, this product may be tank-mixed with a burndown herbicide (consult label for further instructions).
  • May be applied at anytime throughout the growing season when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Excessive crop or weed debris present on the soil surface at time of application may prevent uniform product distribution reaching the soil and reduced weed control.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
    		•

    CHATEAU WDG (51.1%)

     

    flumioxazin

    0.28–0.42 kg/ha

     

    0.14–0.21 kg/ha

    0.11–0.17 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Maximum 2 applications per growing season at least 30 days apart.
  • Do NOT apply within 100 m of non-dormant pears.
  • Apply using ground application only.
  • Apply the lower rate to coarse textured soils with less than 5% organic matter and apply the higher rate to medium textures soils with less than 5% organic matter.
  • Do NOT apply to trees established less than 2 years.
  • Do NOT apply during the period after flowering through leaf drop unless using hooded or shielded equipment.
  • After use, tanks and nozzles must be cleaned with a 3% ammonia solution. Please review label for more detailed instructions.
  • Do NOT harvest within 60 days of application.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    napropamide

    + simazine

    7 kg/ha

    2.25 kg/ha

     

    3.5 kg/ha

    2 kg/ha

    2.8 kg/ac

    0.9 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground.
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the year of planting.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    napropamide

    + terbacil

    9 kg/ha

    0.6 kg/ha

     

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    0.48 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac

    0.24 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground.
  • Make only 1 application in the year of planting.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + LEXONE DF (75 DF)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + metribuzin

    1.75 L/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + simazine

    1.25–1.75 L/ha

    1.1–2.5 kg/ha

     

    1.14–1.6 kg/ha

    1–2.25 kg/ha

    0.5–0.7 L/ac

    0.44–1 kg/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply after planting, before weeds emerge, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Apply once in the year of planting.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
  • Apply high rate on established plantings.
    		•

    LEXONE DF (75 DF)

     

    metribuzin

    0.5–1 kg/ha

     

    0.38–0.75 kg/ha

    0.2–0.4 kg/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PPI – Apply before planting trees in the year of planting.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    simazine

    1.1–2.2 kg/ha

     

    1–2 kg/ha

    0.44–0.88 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply after planting, before weeds emerge, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Apply ONLY once per season.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.
    		•

    SENCOR 75 DF (75 WG)

    + TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    metribuzin

    + trifluralin

    0.55–0.75 kg/ha

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.41–0.56 kg/ha

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.22–0.3 kg/ac

    0.5–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI– Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Apply as an orchard floor or planting row treatment.
  • Apply once in the year of planting only.
  • Apply higher rates to clay soils.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

    + LEXONE DF (75 DF)

     

    terbacil

    + metribuzin

    0.63 kg/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

     

    0.5 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.25 kg/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply as a band under trees before weeds emerge.
  • Use ONLY 1 application per year.
  • Do NOT use on soil coarser than sandy loam with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    trifluralin

    1.25–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.5–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Use at least 100 L/ha water (40 L/ac).
  • Apply ONLY once in the planting year.
  • Apply higher rates on clay soils.
    		•

    Postemergence Grass Herbicides

    POAST ULTRA (450 g/L)

    + MERGE

     

    sethoxydim

    + surfactant/solvent

    0.32–1.1 L/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

     

    0.14–0.5 kg/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

    0.13–0.44 L/ac

    0.1–0.8 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • For annual grass, use 0.32 L/ha. Apply at the 1–6 leaf stage.
  • For volunteer grains, use 0.47 L/ha.
  • For quackgrass, use 1.1 L/ha. Apply up to the 3 leaf stage.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT apply if rain is expected within 1 hour after application.
    		•

    VENTURE L (125 g/L)

     

    fluazifop-p-butyl

    0.6–2 L /ha

     

    0.075–0.25 kg/ha

    0.24–0.8 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply post to actively growing grasses before tillering.
  • Apply at 0.6 L/ha (0.24 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer corn.
  • Apply at 0.8 L/ha (0.32 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer wheat and barley.
  • Apply at 1 L/ha (0.4 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of annual grasses (2–4 leaf for foxtails).
  • Apply at 2 L/ha (0.8 L/ac) at 3–5 leaf stage of quackgrass and wirestem muhly.
  • Grasses emerging after the treatment will not be controlled.
  • ONLY apply once per year.
    		•

    Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

    2,4-D (470 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (564 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (660 g/L)*

     

    2,4-D*

    2 L/ha

    1.68 L/ha

    1.44 L/ha

     

    0.95 kg/ha

    0.8 L/ac

    0.67 L/ac

    0.58 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For broadleaf weeds, including dandelion, seedling Canada thistle and sow-thistle.
  • Apply in early spring after weeds emerge or postharvest to actively growing weeds.
  • Do NOT apply when usable fruit is on the orchard floor.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 80 days to harvest.
    		•

    AIM EC (240 g/L)

    + AGRAL 90

    or AG-SURF

    or MERGE

     

    carfentrazone-ethyl

    + non-ionic surfactant

    or surfactant/solvent

    36.5–117 mL/ha

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L

     

    8.8–28.1 g/ha

    0.25% v/v

    0.1% v/v

    14.8–47 mL/ac

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply post with a hooded sprayer between the rows.
  • Apply to actively growing weeds up to 10 cm tall.
  • Apply in a minimum of 100 L/ha (40 L/ac) water.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 3 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Severe crop injury may result if the spray is allowed to come in contact with the green bark, leaves, bloom or fruit.
    		•

    BASAGRAN (480 g/L)

    + MERGE

     

    bentazon

    + surfactant/solvent

    1.75–2.25 L/ha

    1–2 L/ha

     

    0.84–1.08 kg/ha

    1–2 L/ha

    0.7–0.9 L/ac

    0.4–0.8 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • Directed spray only. Do NOT overspray.
  • Apply in 100–400 L/ha water (40–160 L/ac) with at least 275 kPa pressure.
  • Use lower rate of MERGE under hot, humid conditions.
  • Make ONLY 2 applications, 10 days apart at 1.75 L/ha (0.7 L/ac) in the planting year.
    		•

    Non-Selective Herbicides and Tank Mix Options

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For actively growing weeds.
  • Apply in 200–300 L/ha water (80–120 L/ac) as a directed spray.
  • Remove all suckers from base of trunks before application.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT mow or till weeds for at least 5–7 days after application. Wait longer if cool.
  • ONLY weeds emerged at application time will be controlled. Additional weed control programs will be necessary to control weeds germinating later.
  • Repeat application to regrowth may be necessary for complete control.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1 L/2 L water

    0.75 L/2 L water

    0.72 L/2 L water

    0.67 L/2 L water

     

    0.36 kg/2 L

     
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply with a rope wick or other similar device when weeds are at the optimum stage.
  • Avoid contact with the leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply when weeds are wet.
  • See Wick Wiper and Roller Application, page 96.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1–2 L/100 L water

    0.75–1.5 L/100 L water

    0.72–1.44 L/100 L water

    0.67–1.34 L/100 L water

     

    0.36–0.72 kg/100 L
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Use hand held sprayers as a spot treatment if wiper equipment is not available.
  • Avoid contact with leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days before harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glyphosate

    indaziflam

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

     

    paraquat

    5.5 L/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha (440 L/ac) water.
  • For spot spraying, apply 55 mL in 10 L of water sprayed to wet weed foliage.
  • Use in orchards established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
    		•

    Cherries and Plums

    Site Preparation Before Planting – See Chapter 6, Preplant Weed Control, page 90.

    Recommended rates per hectare or per acre refer to area actually treated with herbicide. Unless specified, apply all treatments in 150–300 L/ha (60–120 L/ac) water.

    CAUTION – Simazine, DEVRINOL and SINBAR residues, high enough to harm many crops, may persist for several years after removal of orchard.

    Soil Applied Grass Herbicides

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    1.75 L/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 2% organic matter.
    		•

    Soil Applied Broadleaf Herbicides

    LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    metribuzin

    1 kg/ha

     

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

    ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    indaziflam

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE to weeds. Apply to soil before weeds germinate. If weeds have emerged, this product may be tank-mixed with a burndown herbicide (consult label for further instructions).
  • May be applied at anytime throughout the growing season when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Excessive crop or weed debris present on the soil surface at time of application may prevent uniform product distribution reaching the soil and reduced weed control.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
    		•

    CASORON G-4 (4 GR)

     

    dichlobenil

    110–175 kg/ha

     

    4.4–7 kg/ha

    44–70 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply to cool, moist soil in spring before weeds emerge or after cultivation.
  • Do NOT apply if air temperatures are above 10–15°C to avoid injury from volatilization.
  • Do NOT apply until 4 weeks after transplanting.
  • Do NOT use on light sandy soils.
  • 70 g applied to an area 2 × 2 m is equivalent to 175 kg/ha (70 kg/ac).
    		•

    CHATEAU WDG (51.1%)

     

    flumioxazin

    0.28–0.42 kg/ha

     

    0.14–0.21 kg/ha

    0.11–0.17 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Maximum 2 applications per growing season at least 30 days apart.
  • Apply the lower rate to coarse textured soils with less than 5% organic matter and apply the higher rate to medium textured soils with less than 5% organic matter.
  • Do NOT apply within 100 m of non-dormant pears.
  • Apply using ground application ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees established less than 2 years.
  • Do NOT apply during the period after flowering through leaf drop unless using hooded or shielded equipment.
  • After use, tanks and nozzles must be cleaned with a 3% ammonia solution. Please review label for more detailed instructions.
  • Do NOT harvest within 60 days of application.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    napropamide

    + simazine

    7 kg/ha

    2.25 kg/ha

     

    3.5 kg/ha

    2 kg/ha

    2.8 kg/ac

    0.9 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground.
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the planting year.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    napropamide

    + terbacil

    9 kg/ha

    0.6 kg/ha

     

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    0.48 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac

    0.24 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground.
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the planting year.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + LEXONE DF (75 DF)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + metribuzin

    1.75 L/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + simazine

    1.25–1.75 L/ha

    1.1–2.5 kg/ha

     

    1.14–1.6 kg/ha

    1–2.25 kg/ha

    0.5–0.7 L/ac

    0.44–1 kg/ac
  • New plantings.
  • PRE – Apply after planting, before weeds emerge, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Apply once in the year of planting.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
  • Late season crabgrass and fall panicum may escape this treatment.
    		•

    LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    metribuzin

    0.5–1 kg/ha

     

    0.38–0.75 kg/ha

    0.2–0.4 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Apply in the year of planting only.
  • Registered on cherries only.
  • Make a single application as a broadcast treatment or within the planting row.

    • LOROX DF (50 DF)

     

    linuron

    8.6 kg/ha

     

    4.3 kg/ha

    3.44 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Use ONLY under trees established for 10 years.
  • PRE – Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 10 cm high.
  • Apply in 400–600 L/ha water (160–240 L/ac) with a surfactant.
  • Keep spray off fruit, leaves and green bark of trees.
    		•

    SENCOR 75 DF (75 WG)

    + TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    metribuzin

    + trifluralin

    0.55–0.75 kg/ha

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.41–0.56 kg/ha

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.22–0.3 kg/ac

    0.48–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • Apply ONLY once in the year of planting.
  • PPI – Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Apply higher rates to clay soils.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    terbacil

    1.25 kg/ha

     

     

    1 kg/ha

    0.5 kg/ac
  • Planting year.
  • PRE – Apply after planting trees, before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT use on soils with less than 3% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

    + LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    terbacil

    + metribuzin

    0.63 kg/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

     

    0.5 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.25 kg/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • Registered on cherries ONLY.
  • Apply only once in the year of planting.
  • PRE – Apply as a band under trees before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT use on soil coarser than sandy loam with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    trifluralin

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.48–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • Apply ONLY once in the year of planting.
  • PPI – Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Use at least 100 L/ha water (40 L/ac).
  • Apply the higher rate on clay soils.
    		•

    Postemergence Grass Herbicides

    POAST ULTRA (450 g/L)

    + MERGE

     

    sethoxydim

    + surfactant/solvent

    0.32–1.1 L/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

     

    0.14–0.5 kg/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

    0.13–0.44 L/ac

    0.1–0.8 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • For annual grass, use 0.32 L/ha. Apply at the 1–6 leaf stage.
  • For volunteer grains, use 0.47 L/ha.
  • For quackgrass, use 1.1 L/ha. Apply up to the 3 leaf stage.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT apply if rain is expected within 1 hour after application.
    		•

    VENTURE L (125 g/L)

     

    fluazifop-p-butyl

    0.6–2 L /ha

     

    0.075–0.25 kg/ha

    0.24–0.8 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply post to actively growing grasses before tillering.
  • Apply at 0.6 L/ha (0.24 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer corn.
  • Apply at 0.8 L/ha (0.32 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer wheat and barley.
  • Apply at 1 L/ha (0.4 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of annual grasses (2–4 leaf for foxtails).
  • Apply at 2 L/ha (0.8 L/ac) at 3–5 leaf stage of quackgrass and wirestem muhly.
  • Grasses emerging after the treatment will not be controlled.
  • Apply ONLY once per year.
    		•

    Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

    2,4-D (470 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (564 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (660 g/L)*

     

    2,4-D*

    2 L/ha

    1.68 L/ha

    1.44 L/ha

     

    0.95 kg/ha

    0.8 L/ac

    0.67 L/ac

    0.58 L/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • For broadleaf weeds, including dandelion, seedling Canada thistle and sow-thistle.
  • Apply in early spring after weeds emerge or postharvest to actively growing weeds.
  • Do NOT apply when usable fruit is on the orchard floor.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 80 days to harvest.
    		•

    AIM EC (240 g/L)

    + AGRAL 90

    or AG-SURF

    or MERGE

     

    carfentrazone-ethyl

    + non-ionic surfactant

    or surfactant/solvent

    36.5–150 mL/ha

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L

     

    8.8–36 g/ha

    0.25% v/v

    0.1% v/v

    14.8–60 mL/ac

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply POST with a hooded sprayer between the rows.
  • Apply to actively growing weeds up to 10 cm tall.
  • Apply to basal shoots (suckers) before they have a hardened bark.
  • Use a higher rate of 150 mL/ha for control of suckers.
  • Apply in 200 L/ha (80 L/ac) water.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT exceed two applications a year.
  • Severe crop injury may result if the spray is allowed to come in contact with the green bark, leaves, bloom or fruit.
    		•

    BASAGRAN (480 g/L)

    + ASSIST

     

    bentazon

    + oil concentrate

    1.75–2.25 L/ha

    1–2 L/ha

     

    0.84–1.08 kg/ha

    1–2 L/ha

    0.7–0.9 L/ac

    0.4–0.8 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • Registered on cherries ONLY.
  • Tolerant as a directed spray only. Do NOT overspray.
  • Avoid tree leaves.
  • Apply in 100–400 L/ha water (40–160 L/ac) with at least 275 kPa pressure.
  • Use lower rate of assist under hot, humid conditions.
  • Make 2 applications, 10 days apart at 1.75 L/ha (0.7 L/ac) in the planting year.
    		•

    Non-Selective Herbicides and Tank Mix Options

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For actively growing weeds.
  • Apply in 200–300 L/ha water (80–120 L/ac) as a directed spray.
  • Remove all suckers from base of trunks before application.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT mow or till weeds for at least 5–7 days after application. Wait longer if cool.
  • Only weeds emerged at application time will be controlled. Additional weed control programs will be necessary to control weeds germinating later.
  • Repeat application to regrowth may be necessary for complete control.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1 L/2 L water

    0.75 L/2 L water

    0.72 L/2 L water

    0.67 L/2 L water

     

    0.36 kg/2 L

     
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply with a rope wick or other similar device when weeds are at the optimum stage.
  • Avoid contact with leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply when weeds are wet.
  • See Wick Wiper and Roller Application, page 96.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate*

    1–2 L/100 L water

    0.75–1.5 L/100 L water

    0.72–1.44 L/100 L water

    0.67–1.34 L/100 L water

     

    0.36–0.72 kg/100 L
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Use hand held sprayers as a spot treatment if wiper equipment is not available.
  • Avoid contact with leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days before harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glyphosate

    indaziflam

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

     

    paraquat

    5.5 L/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha water (440 L/ac).
  • For spot spraying, apply 55 mL in 10 L water sprayed to wet weed foliage.
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green tree bark, leaves or fruit.
  • May be tank-mixed with LOROX for trees established at least 10 years.

    • IGNITE (150 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    2.7–5 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac).
  • Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • For trees established at least 1 year.
  • Do NOT make more than two applications a year.
  • Do NOT apply more than 6.7 L of ignite in a year.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    indaziflam

    2.7–5 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high, when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac). Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    Grapes

    Site Preparation Before Planting – See Chapter 6, Preplant Weed Control, page 90.

    Cultural Weed Control – See Cultural Weed Control in Fruit Crops, page 304.

    Hilling the vines at regular intervals throughout the year will aid in weed control. Be aware that this disruption of the soil will also disturb any residual herbicides.

     

    The use of cultivation, mulch or rye cover crops between the rows will provide better water penetration as well as aid in weed control.

     

    Cultivation after planting is needed to level the soil, and early establishment on trellises or stakes will minimize damage from cultivation. Hilling for winter protection can be started in late summer, and will control late germinating weeds. Removing of hills each spring will also aid in weed control.

     

    Rates per hectare or per acre refer to area actually treated with herbicide. Unless specified, apply all treatments in 150–300 L/ha (60–120 L/ac) water.

    CAUTION – simazine, KARMEX, DEVRINOL and SINBAR residues, high enough to harm many crops, may persist for several years after removal of vineyard.

    Soil Applied Grass Herbicides

    FRONTIER MAX (720 g/L)

     

    dimethenamid

    0.96 L/ha

     

    0.69 kg/ha

    0.38 L/ac
  • Non-bearing grapevines ONLY.
  • Do NOT harvest within 2 years of application on first year grapes.
  • Do NOT harvest within 1 year of application on 2nd year grapes.
  • PRE – Rainfall is required within 10 days of application to achieve sufficient herbicide activation.
  • Single application directed under the vines.
  • Do NOT apply by air.
  • Apply to weed-free soil, after planting or dehilling.
    		•

    Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

    CASORON G-4 (4 GR)

     

    dichlobenil

    110–225 kg/ha

     

    4.4–9 kg/ha

    44–90 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply to cool moist but unfrozen soil in late fall or spring before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT apply if air temperatures are above 10–15°C to avoid injury from volatilization.
  • Apply to dormant healthy vines only.
  • Do NOT apply to vines until they have been established for at least 2 full years.
  • For annual weeds, use 110–175 kg/ha (44–70 kg/ac).
  • For quackgrass, and broadleaf perennial weeds, use 175–225 kg/ha (70–90 kg/ac).
  • Use the higher rate of 225 kg/ha only every other year.
    		•

    CHATEAU WDG (51.1%)

     

    flumioxazin

    0.28–0.42 kg/ha

     

    0.14–0.21 kg/ha

    0.11–0.16 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to grapes established for less than 2 years.
  • Maximum 2 applications per growing season at least 30 days apart.
  • Apply the lower rate to coarse textured soils with less than 5% organic matter and apply the higher rate to medium textured soils with less than 5% organic matter.
  • Do NOT apply within 100 m of non-dormant pears.
  • Apply using ground application ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply after bud break unless using hooded or shielded equipment.
  • After use, tanks and nozzles must be cleaned with a 3% ammonia solution. Please review label for more detailed instructions.
  • Do NOT harvest within 60 days of application.
    		•

    KARMEX (80 DF)

     

    diuron

    2.25–6.7 kg/ha

     

    1.8–5.36 kg/ha

    0.9–2.68 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply as a directed spray to a 1 m strip under vines before weeds emerge.
  • Apply in at least 300 L/ha water (120 L/ac).
  • Use only in vineyards established for at least 3 years.
  • On soils low in clay or organic matter (1–2%), use 2.25–3.25 kg/ha (of area actually sprayed); on soil high in clay or organic matter use 3.25–6.75 kg /ha.
  • Apply just prior to germination and growth of annual weeds, usually in the spring.
  • It may be desirable to make a fall treatment or divide applications equally between fall and spring treatments. Do not exceed the above rates per year as injury may result.
  • When a second application is performed, observe a minimum interval of 90 days between the first application and retreatment.
  • May be tank-mixed with GRAMOXONE.
    		•

    PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

    or SIMADEX (500 g/L)

    or SIMAZINE 480 (480 g/L)

     

    simazine

    4–5 kg/ha

    7.2–9 L/ha

    7.5–9.4 L/ha

     

    3.6–4.5 kg/ha

    1.6–2 kg/ac

    2.9–3.6 L/ac

    3–3.76 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply after hills are removed, but before weeds emerge.
  • Apply in at least 300 L/ha water (120 L/ac).
  • Use higher rates on perennial weeds and on loams and clay.
  • Use ONLY in vineyards established for at least 3 years.
  • May be tank-mixed with ignite and glyphosate.
  • After harvest, a second application may be made.
    		•

    Postemergence Grass Herbicides

    VENTURE L (125 g/L)

     

    fluazifop-p-butyl

    0.6–2 L/ha

     

    0.075–0.25 kg/ha

    0.24–0.8 L/ac
  • New, 2nd year non-bearing grapevines and established plantings.
  • Apply post to actively growing grasses before tillering.
  • Apply as banded application to the base of the grape vine.
  • Apply at 0.6 L/ha (0.24 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer corn.
  • Apply at 0.8 L/ha (0.32 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of volunteer wheat and barley.
  • Apply at 1 L/ha (0.4 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of annual grasses (2–4 leaf for foxtails).
  • Apply at 2 L/ha (0.8 L/ac) at 3–5 leaf stage of quackgrass and wirestem muhly.
  • Grasses emerging after the treatment will not be controlled.
  • Apply ONLY once per year.
  • Do NOT harvest for 30 days after application.
    		•

    Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

    AIM EC (240 g/L)

    + AGRAL 90

    or AG-SURF

    or MERGE

     

    carfentrazone-ethyl

    + non-ionic surfactant

    or surfactant/solvent

    36.5–150 mL/ha

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L

     

    8.8–36 g/ha

    0.25% v/v

    0.1% v/v

    14.6–60 mL/ac

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply post with a hooded sprayer between the rows.
  • Apply to actively growing weeds up to 10 cm tall.
  • Apply to basal shoots (suckers) before they have hardened bark.
  • Apply the higher rate of 150 mL/ha to control suckers.
  • Apply in 200 L/ha (80 L/ac) water.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT exceed two applications per growing season.
  • Severe crop injury may result if the spray is allowed to come in contact with the green bark, leaves, bloom or fruit.
    		•

    Non-Selective Herbicides and Tank Mix Options

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For actively growing weeds.
  • Apply in 200–300 L/ha water (80–120 L/ac) as a directed spray.
  • Do NOT use on vines less than 3 years old.
  • Direct spray to avoid leaves and green stems of grapevines.
  • Do NOT mow or till weeds for at least 5–7 days after application. Wait longer if the weather is cool.
  • ONLY weeds emerged at application time will be controlled. Additional weed control programs will be necessary to control weeds germinating later.
  • Repeat application to regrowth may be necessary for complete control.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 14 days to harvest.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1 L/2 L water

    0.75 L/2 L water

    0.72 L/2 L water

    0.67 L/2 L water

     

    0.36 kg/2 L

     
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply with a rope wick or other similar device when weeds are at the optimum stage.
  • Direct spray to avoid leaves and green stems of grapevines.
  • Do NOT apply when weeds are wet.
  • Do NOT use on vines less than 3 years old.
  • See Wick Wiper and Roller Application, page 96.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 14 days to harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1–2 L/100 L water

    0.75–1.5 L/100 L water

    0.72–1.44 L/100 L water

    0.67–1.34 L/100 L water

     

    0.36–0.72 kg/100 L
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Use hand held sprayers as a spot treatment if wiper equipment is not available.
  • Direct spray to avoid leaves and green stems of grapevines.
  • Do NOT use on vines less than 3 years old.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 14 days before harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    glyphosate

    + simazine

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha

    1.62–8.64 L/ha

    1.5–8 L/ha

    2.5–5 kg/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    1–2 kg/ac
  • Established plantings of at least 3 years ONLY.
  • Use as a directed spray avoiding leaves, suckers and green bark on vines.
  • Use higher rates for perennial weeds and heavy weed infestations.
  • To control emerged weeds with residual control of germinating annual weeds.
  • See precautions for glyphosate and simazine.
  • Do NOT use within 40 days of harvest.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

     

    paraquat

    5.5 L/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha (440 L/ac) water.
  • For spot spraying, apply 55 mL in 10 L of water sprayed to wet weed foliage.
  • Use on vines established on trellises.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
  • May be tank-mixed with KARMEX.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

    + DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

     

    paraquat

    + napropamide

    5.5 L/ha

    9 kg/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    4.5 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac

    3.6 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Add DEVRINOL to tank first, then agitate and add GRAMOXONE.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha water (440 L/ac).
  • Avoid contact with foliage, fruit, and green vine bark.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    2.7–5 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac
  • Established plantings of at least 3 years ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before annual weeds are 30 cm high.
  • Avoid suckers and green bark.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac).
  • Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT apply more than twice a year.
  • Do NOT apply more than 6.7 L/ha of product a year.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

    or SIMADEX (500 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    + simazine

    2.7–5 L/ha

    4–5 kg/ha

    7.2–9 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    3.6–4.5 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac

    1.6–2 kg/ac

    2.88–3.6 L/ac
  • Established plantings of at least 3 years ONLY.
  • For vines established at least 3 years.
  • Use as a directed spray avoiding leaves, suckers and green bark on vines.
  • To control emerged weeds with residual control of germinating annual weeds.
  • See precautions for IGNITE and simazine.
  • Do NOT harvest until 40 days after application.

    • Peaches

    Site Preparation Before Planting – See Chapter 6, Preplant Weed Control, page 90.

    Recommended rates per hectare or per acre refer to area actually treated with herbicide. unless specified, apply all treatments in 150–300 L/ha (60–120 L/ac) water.

    CAUTION – simazine, DEVRINOL and SINBAR residues, high enough to harm many crops, may persist for several years after removal of orchard.

    Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

    ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    indaziflam

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE to weeds. Apply to soil before weeds germinate. If weeds have emerged, this product may be tank-mixed with a burndown herbicide (consult label for further instructions).
  • May be applied at anytime throughout the growing season when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Excessive crop or weed debris present on the soil surface at time of application may prevent uniform product distribution reaching the soil and reduced weed control.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
    		•

    CASORON G-4 (4 GR)

     

    dichlobenil

    110–175 kg/ha

     

    4.4–7 kg/ha

    44–70 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply to cool, moist soil in spring before weeds emerge or after cultivation.
  • Do NOT apply if air temperatures are above 10–15°C to avoid injury from volatilization.
  • Do NOT apply until 4 weeks after transplanting.
  • Do NOT use on light sandy soils.
  • 70 g applied to an area 2×2 m is equivalent to 175 kg/ha (70 kg/ac).
    		•

    CHATEAU WDG (51.1%)

     

    flumioxazin

    0.28–0.42 kg/ha

     

    0.14–0.21 kg/ha

    0.11–0.17 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Maximum 2 applications per growing season at least 30 days apart.
  • Do NOT apply within 100 m of non-dormant pears.
  • Apply using ground application ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees established less than 2 years.
  • Do NOT apply during the period after flowering through leaf drop unless using hooded or shielded equipment.
  • After use, tanks and nozzles must be cleaned with a 3% ammonia solution. Please review label for more detailed instructions.
  • Do NOT apply within 60 days of harvest.
    		•

    DEVRINOL 50W (50 WP)

     

    napropamide

    9 kg/ha

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential.
  • Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge, but not on frozen ground.
  • Avoid contact with fruit and foliage.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    napropamide

    + simazine

    7 kg/ha

    2.25 kg/ha

     

    3.5 kg/ha

    2 kg/ha

    2.8 kg/ac

    0.9 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground or during harvest.
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the planting year.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential within 2 days of application.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    napropamide

    + terbacil

    9 kg/ha

    0.6 kg/ha

     

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    0.48 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac

    0.24 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground or during harvest.
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the planting year.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential within 2 days of application.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    1.75 L/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 2% organic matter.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + LEXONE DF (75 DF)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + metribuzin

    1.75 L/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + simazine

    1.25–1.75 L/ha

    1.1–2.5 kg/ha

     

    1.14–1.6 kg/ha

    1–2.25 kg/ha

    0.5–0.7 L/ac

    0.44–1 kg/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply post planting, before weeds emerge, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Apply once in the year of planting.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
  • Use high rate on established plantings.
    		•

    LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    metribuzin

    0.5–1 kg/ha

     

    0.38–0.75 kg/ha

    0.2–0.4 kg/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PPI – Apply and incorporate before planting trees. Make a single application as a broadcast treatment or within the planting row.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
  • Use the higher rate on established plantings.
    		•

    LOROX DF (50 DF)

     

    linuron

    8.6 kg/ha

     

    4.3 kg/ha

    3.44 kg/ac
  • Established plantings only.
  • PRE – Apply in 400–600 L/ha water (160–240 L/ac) as a directed spray before weeds are 10 cm high.
  • Use ONLY under peach trees established for over 1 year.
  • Avoid contact with fruit, foliage or tree bark with spray or drift.
  • Add a surfactant.
    		•

    PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    simazine

    1.1–2.2 kg/ha

     

    1–2 kg/ha

    0.44–0.88 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply post planting, before weeds emerge, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Apply once in the year of planting.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    SENCOR 75 DF (75 WG)

    + TREFLAN EC 480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    metribuzin

    + trifluralin

    0.55–0.75 kg/ha

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3L/ha

     

    0.41–0.56 kg/ha

    0.6–1.155 kg/ha

    0.22–0.3 kg/ac

    0.5–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Apply only once in the year of planting.
  • Apply as a broadcast treatment or within the planting row.
  • Apply higher rates to clay soils.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    terbacil

    1.25 kg/ha

     

     

    1 kg/ha

    0.5 kg/ac
  • Planting year.
  • PRE – Apply after planting trees, before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT use on soils with less than 3% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    terbacil

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

     

     

    1.8–3.6 kg/ha

    0.9–1.8 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply in 1,000 L/ha of water (400 L/ac).
  • Use only under trees established for at least 3 years.
  • Apply as a band under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT use on soils with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

    + LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    terbacil

    + metribuzin

    0.63 kg/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

     

    0.5 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.25 kg/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply as a band under trees before weeds emerge.
  • Use ONLY 1 application per year.
  • Do NOT use on soil coarser than sandy loam with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    trifluralin

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.5–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Use at least 100 L/ha water (40 L/ac).
  • Apply as a broadcast treatment or within the planting row.
  • Apply ONLY once in the year of planting.
  • Apply the higher rate to clay soils.
    		•

    Postemergence Grass Herbicides

    POAST ULTRA (450 g/L)

    + MERGE

     

    sethoxydim

    + surfactant/solvent

    0.32–1.1 L/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

     

    0.14–0.5 kg/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

    0.13–0.44 L/ac

    0.1–0.8 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • For annual grass, use 0.32 L/ha. Apply at the 1–6 leaf stage.
  • For volunteer grains, use 0.47 L/ha.
  • For quackgrass, use 1.1 L/ha. Apply up to the 3 leaf stage.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT apply if rain is expected within 1 hour after application.
    		•

    VENTURE L (125 g/L)

     

    fluazifop-p-butyl

    0.6 l–2 L/ha

     

    0.075–0.25 kg/ha

    0.24–0.8 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply at 1 L/ha (0.4 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of annual grasses, 2 leaf for foxtails.
  • Apply at 2 L/ha (0.8 L/ac) at 3–5 leaf stage of quackgrass and wirestem muhly.
  • Grasses emerging after the treatment will not be controlled.
  • Apply ONLY once per year.
    		•

    Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

    2,4-D (470 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (564 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (660 g/L)*

     

    2,4-D*

    2 L/ha

    1.68 L/ha

    1.44 L/ha

     

    0.95 kg/ha

    0.8 L/ac

    0.67 L/ac

    0.58 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For broadleaf weeds, including dandelion, seedling Canada thistle and sow-thistle.
  • Apply in early spring after weeds emerge or postharvest to actively growing weeds.
  • Do NOT apply when usable fruit is on the orchard floor.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 80 days to harvest.
    		•

    AIM EC (240 g/L)

    + AGRAL 90

    or AG-SURF

    or MERGE

     

    carfentrazone-ethyl

    + non-ionic surfactant

    or surfactant/solvent

    36.5–150 mL/ha

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L

     

    8.8–36 g/ha

    0.25% v/v

    0.1% v/v

    14.8–60 mL/ac

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply post with a hooded sprayer between the rows.
  • Apply to actively growing weeds up to 10 cm tall.
  • Apply to basal shoots (suckers) before they have a hardened bark.
  • Use a higher rate of 150 mL/ha for control of suckers.
  • Apply in 200 L/ha (80 L/ac) water.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT exceed two applications a year.
  • Severe crop injury may result if the spray is allowed to come in contact with the green bark, leaves, bloom or fruit.
    		•

    BASAGRAN (480 g/L)

    + ASSIST

     

    bentazon

    + oil concentrate

    1.75–2.25 L/ha

    1–2 L/ha

     

    0.84–1.08 kg/ha

    1–2 L/ha

    0.7–0.9 L/ac

    0.4–0.8 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • Directed spray ONLY. Do NOT overspray.
  • Avoid tree leaves.
  • Apply in 100–400 L/ha water (40–160 L/ac) with at least 275 kPa pressure.
  • Use lower rate of assist under hot, humid conditions.
  • Make ONLY 2 applications, 10 days apart at 1.75 L/ha (0.7 L/ac) in the planting year.
    		•

    Non-Selective Herbicides and Tank Mix Options

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/lL*

     

    glyphosate

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha

    1.62–8.64 L/ha

    1.5–8 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For actively growing weeds.
  • Apply in 200–300 L/ha water (80–120 L/ac) as a directed spray.
  • Remove all suckers from base of trunks before application.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT mow or till weeds for at least 5–7 days after application. Wait longer if cool.
  • ONLY weeds emerged at application time will be controlled. Additional weed control programs will be necessary to control weeds germinating later.
  • Repeat application to regrowth may be necessary for complete control.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1 L/2 L water

    0.75 L/2 L water

    0.72 L/2 L water

    0.67 L/2 L water

     

    0.36 kg/2 L

     
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply with a rope wick or other similar device when weeds are at the optimum stage.
  • Avoid contact with the leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply when weeds are wet.
  • See Wick Wiper and Roller Application, page 96.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1–2 L/100 L water

    0.75–1.5 L/100 L water

    0.72–1.44 L/100 L water

    0.67–1.34 L/100 L water

     

    0.36–0.72 kg/100 L
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Use hand held sprayers as a spot treatment if wiper equipment is not available.
  • Avoid contact with leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days before harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glyphosate

    indaziflam

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha
    1.62–8.64 L/ha
    1.5–8 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

     

    paraquat

    5.5 L/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha (440 L/ac) water.
  • For spot spraying, apply 55 mL in 10 L of water sprayed to wet weed foliage.
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
  • May be used in mixtures with DEVRINOL.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

    + DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

     

    paraquat

    + napropamide

    5.5 L/ha

    9 kg/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    4.5 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac

    3.6 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Add DEVRINOL to tank first then agitate and add GRAMOXONE.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha water (440 L/ac).
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    2.7–5 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac).
  • Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT apply more than twice a year.
  • Do NOT apply more than 6.7 L/ha of product a year.
  • Avoid contact with foliage and green bark.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    indaziflam

    2.7–5 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high, when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac). Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    Pears

    Site Preparation Before Planting – See Chapter 6, Preplant Weed Control, page 90.

    Recommended rates per hectare or per acre refer to area actually treated with herbicide. Unless specified, apply all treatments in 150–300 L/ha (60–120 L/ac) water.

    CAUTION – simazine, DEVRINOL and SINBAR residues, high enough to harm many crops, may persist for several years after removal of orchard.

    Soil Applied Grass and Broadleaf Herbicides

    ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    indaziflam

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE to weeds. Apply to soil before weeds germinate. If weeds have emerged, this product may be tank-mixed with a burndown herbicide (consult label for further instructions).
  • May be applied at anytime throughout the growing season when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Excessive crop or weed debris present on the soil surface at time of application may prevent uniform product distribution reaching the soil and reduced weed control.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
    		•

    CASORON G-4 (4 GR)

     

    dichlobenil

    110–175 kg/ha

     

    4.4–7 kg/ha

    44–70 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply to cool, moist soil in spring before weeds emerge or after cultivation.
  • Do NOT apply if air temperatures are above 10–15°C to avoid injury from volatilization.
  • Do NOT apply until 4 weeks after transplanting.
  • Do NOT use on light sandy soils.
  • 70 g applied to an area 2×2 m is equivalent to 175 kg/ha (70 kg/ac).
    		•

    CHATEAU WDG (51.1%)

     

    flumioxazin

    0.28–0.42 kg/ha

     

    0.14–0.21 kg/ha

    0.11–0.17 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply to dormant pears ONLY.
  • Apply using ground application ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees established less than 1 year.
  • After use, tanks and nozzles must be cleaned with a 3% ammonia solution. Please review label for more detailed instructions.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

     

    napropamide

    9 kg/ha

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge, but not on frozen ground. Avoid contact with fruit and foliage.
  • Do NOT apply when fruit is on the ground during harvest.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    napropamide

    + simazine

    7 kg/ha

    2.25 kg/ha

     

    3.5 kg/ha

    2 kg/ha

    2.8 kg/ac

    0.9 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground or during harvest.
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the planting year.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential within 2 days of application.
    		•

    DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

    + SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    napropamide

    + terbacil

    9 kg/ha

    0.6 kg/ha

     

     

    4.5 kg/ha

    0.48 kg/ha

    3.6 kg/ac

    0.24 kg/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in the fall through early spring before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT apply on frozen ground or during harvest.
  • Make ONLY 1 application in the planting year.
  • Incorporation by rainfall or irrigation is essential within 2 days of application.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    1.75 L/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 2% organic matter.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + LEXONE DF (75 DF)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + metribuzin

    1.75 L/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

    1.6 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.7 L/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with trunk and leaves of trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soil with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    DUAL II MAGNUM (915 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    s-metolachlor/benoxacor

    + simazine

    1.25–1.75 L/ha

    1.1–2.5 kg/ha

     

    1.14–1.6 kg/ha

    1–2.25 kg/ha

    0.5–0.7 L/ac

    0.44–1 kg/ac
  • New and established non-bearing plantings.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge, preferably after rain has settled the soil around the trees.
  • Do NOT use on sandy soils with less than 2% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
  • Use the high rate on established plantings.
  • Late season crabgrass and fall panicum may escape this treatment.
    		•

    KERB (50 WSP)

     

    propyzamide

    4.5 kg/ha

     

    2.25 kg/ha

    1.8 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply from late September to early November when soil is cool and moist but not frozen.
  • Use ONLY under pear trees established at least 1 year.
  • 4.5 kg/ha is equivalent to 45 g/100 m2.
    		•

    LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    metribuzin

    0.5–1 kg/ha

     

    0.38–0.75 kg/ha

    0.2–0.4 kg/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • PPI – Before planting trees.
  • PRE – Apply once per year as a band treatment under the trees before weeds emerge.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
  • Use high rate on established plantings.
  • Do NOT use on soils that are coarser than sandy loams with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    LOROX DF (50 DF)

     

    linuron

    8.6 kg/ha

     

    4.3 kg/ha

    3.44 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply as directed spray before weeds are 10 cm high.
  • Apply in 400–600 L/ha water (160–240 L/ac). Add a surfactant.
  • Avoid contact with fruit, foliage or tree bark with spray or drift.
  • Use ONLY under trees established at least 10 years.
    		•

    PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

    or SIMADEX (500 g/L)

    or SIMAZINE 480 (480 g/L)

     

    simazine

    2.5–5 kg/ha

    4.5–9 L/ha

    4.7–9.4 L/ha

     

    2.25–4.5 kg/ha

    1–2 kg/ac

    1.8–3.6 L/ac

    1.88–3.76 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • PRE – Apply in 300–1,000 L/ha water (120–400 L/ac).
  • Use only under trees planted for 1 year or more.
  • Use higher rate on perennial weeds such as quackgrass.
  • May be combined with glyphosate.
  • Hoe or cultivate weeds if they have emerged before treatment.
    		•

    SENCOR 75 DF (75 WG)

    +TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    metribuzin

    + trifluralin

    0.55–0.75 kg/ha

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.41–0.56 kg/ha

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.22–0.3 kg/ac

    0.48–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Before planting trees as an orchard floor or planting row treatment.
  • Apply once in the planting year only.
  • Apply higher rates to clay soils.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

     

    terbacil

    1.25 kg/ha

     

     

    1 kg/ha

    0.5 kg/ac
  • Planting year.
  • PRE – Apply after planting trees, before weeds emerge.
  • Do NOT use on soils with less than 3% organic matter.
  • Avoid contact with tree trunks and leaves.
    		•

    SINBAR (80 WP)

    or SINBAR (80 WDG)

    + LEXONE DF (75DF)

     

    terbacil

    + metribuzin

    0.63 kg/ha

    1 kg/ha

     

     

    0.5 kg/ha

    0.75 kg/ha

    0.25 kg/ac

    0.4 kg/ac
  • Established plantings.
  • PRE – Apply as a band under trees before weeds emerge.
  • Use ONLY 1 application per year.
  • Do NOT use on soil coarser than sandy loam with less than 3% organic matter.
    		•

    TREFLAN EC (480 g/L)

    or BONANZA 480 (480 g/L)

     

    trifluralin

    1.2–2.4 L/ha

    1.25–2.3 L/ha

     

    0.6–1.15 kg/ha

    0.48–0.96 L/ac

    0.5–0.92 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • PPI – Apply and incorporate before planting trees.
  • Use at least 100 L/ha water (40 L/ac).
  • Apply as a broadcast treatment or within the planting row.
  • Apply ONLY once in the year of planting.
  • Apply higher rates to clay soils.
    		•

    Postemergence Grass Herbicides

    POAST ULTRA (450 g/L)

    + MERGE

     

    sethoxydim

    + surfactant/solvent

    0.32–1.1 L/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

     

    0.14–0.5 kg/ha

    0.25–2 L/ha

    0.13–0.44 L/ac

    0.1–0.8 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • For annual grass, use 0.32 L/ha. Apply at the 1–6 leaf stage.
  • For volunteer grains, use 0.47 L/ha.
  • For quackgrass, use 1.1 L/ha. Apply up to the 3 leaf stage.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
    		•

    VENTURE L (125 g/L)

     

    fluazifop-p-butyl

    0.6–2 L/ha

     

    0.075–0.25 kg/ha

    0.24–0.8 L/ac
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply post to actively growing grasses before tillering.
  • Apply at 0.8 L/ha (0.32 L/ac) at 2–5 stage of volunteer wheat and barley.
  • Apply at 1 L/ha (0.4 L/ac) at 2–5 leaf stage of annual grasses, 2 leaf for foxtails.
  • Apply at 2 L/ha (0.8 L/ac) at 3–5 leaf stage of quackgrass and wirestem muhly.
  • Grasses emerging after the treatment will not be controlled.
  • Apply ONLY once per year.
    		•

    Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

    2,4-D (470 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (564 g/L)*

    or 2,4-D (660 g/L)*

     

    2,4-D*

    2 L/ha

    1.68 L/ha

    1.44 L/ha

     

    0.95 kg/ha

    0.8 L/ac

    0.67 L/ac

    0.58 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For broadleaf weeds, including dandelion, seedling Canada thistle and sow-thistle.
  • Apply in early spring after weeds emerge or postharvest to actively growing weeds.
  • Do NOT apply when usable fruit is on the orchard floor.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 80 days to harvest.
    		•

    AIM EC (240 g/L)

    + AGRAL 90

    or AG-SURF

    or MERGE

     

    carfentrazone-ethyl

    + non-ionic surfactant

    or surfactant/solvent

    36.5–150 mL/ha

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L

     

    8.8–36 g/ha

    0.25% v/v

    0.1% v/v

    14.6–60 mL/ac

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    2.5 L/1,000 L

    1 L/1,000 L
  • New and established plantings.
  • Apply post with a hooded sprayer between the rows.
  • Apply to actively growing weeds up to 10 cm tall.
  • Apply to basal shoots (suckers) before the bark hardens.
  • To control basal suckers apply at the higher recommended rate of 150 mL/ha.
  • Apply in 200 L/ha (80 L/ac) water.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Do NOT exceed two applications per growing season.
  • Severe crop injury may result if the spray is allowed to come in contact with the green bark, leaves, bloom or fruit.
    		•

    BASAGRAN (480 g/L)

    + ASSIST

     

    bentazon

    + oil concentrate

    1.75–2.25 L/ha

    1–2 L/ha

     

    0.84–1.08 kg/ha

    1–2 L/ha

    0.7–0.9 L/ac

    0.4–0.8 L/ac
  • Planting year ONLY.
  • Directed spray ONLY. Do NOT overspray.
  • Apply in 100–400 L/ha water (40–160 L/ac) with at least 275 kPa pressure.
  • Avoid tree leaves.
  • Use lower rate of assist under hot, humid conditions.
  • Make only 2 applications, 10 days apart at the low rate, in the planting year.
    		•

    Non-Selective Herbicides and Tank Mix Options

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha

    1.62–8.64 L/ha

    1.5–8 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • For actively growing weeds.
  • Apply in 200–300 L/ha water (80–120 L/ac) as a directed spray.
  • Remove all suckers from base of trunks before application.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT mow or till weeds for at least 5–7 days after application. Wait longer if cool.
  • ONLY weeds emerged at application time will be controlled. Additional weed control programs will be necessary to control weeds germinating later.
  • Repeat application to regrowth may be necessary for complete control.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1 L/2 L water

    0.75 L/2 L water

    0.72 L/2 L water

    0.67 L/2 L water

     

    0.36 kg/2 L

     
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply with a rope wick or other similar device when weeds are at the optimum stage.
  • Avoid contact with the leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply when weeds are wet.
  • See Wick Wiper and Roller Application, page 96.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

     

    glyphosate

    1–2 L/100 L water

    0.75–1.5 L/100 L water

    0.72–1.44 L/100 L water

    0.67–1.34 L/100 L water

     

    0.36–0.72 kg/100 L
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Use hand held sprayers as a spot treatment if wiper equipment is not available.
  • Avoid contact with leaves, trunks and suckers.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days before harvest.
    		•

    glyphosate (360 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (480 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (500 g/L)*

    or glyphosate (540 g/L)*

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glyphosate

    indaziflam

    2.25–12 L/ha

    1.69–9 L/ha

    1.62–8.64 L/ha

    1.5–8 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.81–4.32 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    0.9–4.8 L/ac

    0.68–3.6 L/ac

    0.65–3.5 L/ac

    0.6–3.2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Do NOT apply to trees with green bark in the area of application.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 30 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • For specific information on product rates and notes for annual and perennial weed control refer to Table 6-3. Specific Notes on Weeds Controlled and Product Rates Associated with Various Glyphosate Concentrations, page 90.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

     

    paraquat

    5.5 L/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha (440 L/ac) water.
  • For spot spraying, apply 55 mL in 10 L of water sprayed to wet weed foliage.
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
  • May be used in mixtures with DEVRINOL or PRINCEP.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

    + DEVRINOL DF (50 DF)

     

    paraquat

    + napropamide

    5.5 L/ha

    9 kg/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    4.5 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac

    3.6 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Add DEVRINOL to tank first then agitate and add GRAMOXONE.
  • Apply in 1,100 L/ha water (440 L/ac).
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
    		•

    GRAMOXONE (200 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

     

    paraquat

    + simazine

    5.5 L/ha

    2–2.5 kg/ha

     

    1.1 kg/ha

    1.8–2.25 kg/ha

    2.2 L/ac

    0.8–1 kg/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • To control emerged weeds and provide residual control of germinating weeds.
  • Use on trees established 1 year or more.
  • Avoid contact with green bark, leaves or fruit.
  • See precautions on GRAMOXONE and PRINCEP above.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    2.7–5 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.705 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac).
  • Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • For trees established at least 1 year.
  • Do NOT apply more than twice a year.
  • Do NOT apply more than 6.7 L/ha of product a year.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

    + ALION 200 SC (200 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    indaziflam

    2.7–5 L/ha

    0.375 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    0.075 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac

    0.152 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • Apply as a directed spray before weeds are 30 cm high, when the ground is not frozen or snow covered.
  • Use 110–330 L/ha water (44–132 L/ac). Where weed growth is heavy, use the higher rate and larger water volume.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • Apply ONLY to crops that have been established for at least three full growing seasons.
  • Apply ONLY once per growing season.
  • Consult the label of the tank mix partner(s) for further instructions regarding product rates, directions for use, restrictions, personal protective equipment and precautions.
    		•

    IGNITE (150 g/L)

    + PRINCEP NINE-T (90 WG)

    or SIMADEX (500 g/L)

     

    glufosinate ammonium

    + simazine

    2.7–5 L/ha

    2–5 kg/ha

    4.5–9 L/ha

     

    0.405–0.75 kg/ha

    1.8–4.5 kg/ha

    1.08–2 L/ac

    0.8–2 kg/ac

    1.8–3.6 L/ac
  • Established plantings ONLY.
  • To control emerged weeds plus residual control of annual grasses and broadleaf weeds.
  • Use as a directed spray around the bases of trees established at least 1 year.
  • Do NOT apply closer than 40 days to harvest.
  • See precautions on IGNITE and PRINCEP.
    		•

    * See Table 4-1. Herbicides Used In Ontario, page 29, for formulations available. Not all formulations are registered on all crops. See label for specific uses and rates.