In This Section

Topics

Apple Calendar: Special Summer Sprays to Postharvest Sprays

Author: OMAFRA Staff
Creation Date: 25 June 2007
Last Reviewed: 25 June 2007
Pub 360, Fruit Production Recommendations> Apples > Apple Calendar > Special Summer Sprays to Postharvest Sprays

Extract of Publication 360, Fruit Production Recommendations , Order this publication

Cover of Publication 360, Fruit Production RecommendationsTable of Contents

  1. Apple Calendar
  2. Special Summer Sprays
  3. Preharvest Sprays
  4. Postharvest Treatment
  5. Pub 360 Chapter 7 - Apples - Apple Calendar - (Pdf format 1.17 Mb)
  6. Related Links
  7. For more Information

Apple Calendar

Consult the product label for suggested water volumes. Otherwise, use enough water to ensure thorough spray coverage. Where the product rate is listed in amount per 1,000 L, and if a water volume is not provided on the label, use enough water to wet the foliage to the near drip point.

Check Table 7-7, Days to Harvest Intervals for Products Used on Apples

late summer fruit blister spotsSpecial summer sprays

Diseases and Insects

  • Blister spot

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Copper 53 W - 3.00 kg
  • Aliette WDG - 2.00 kg

Comments

See comments on blister spot control under First summer spray.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Rosy apple aphid colonyDiseases and Insects

  • Green apple aphid
  • Rosy apple aphid

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Admire 240 F - 230 mL
  • Assail 70 WP - 120 g
  • Pirimor 50 DF - 1.70 kg
  • Zolone Flo - 2.00 L
  • Thiodan 50 WP - 4.50 kg
    or  Thionex 50 W - 4.5 kg
  • Diazinon 50 W - see label

Comments

Admire: Maximum 2 applications pr season.

Assail: Maximum 4 applications per season.

Zolone also controls woolly apple aphid. Diazinon, and Zolone also control codling moth and apple maggot (check rates). Pirimor, Admire, Assail, Thiodan, and Thionex also control white apple leafhopper.

Some countries have zero tolerance for Pirimor residues on fruit. Check with your packer before applying this material.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

A colony of wooly apple aphidsDiseases and Insects

  • Wooly apple aphid

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Pirimor 50 DF - 1.70 kg
  • Malathion 25 W - see label
  • Zolone Flo - 2.00 L

Comments

Use high volumes of water and ensure spray contacts trunk and scaffold limbs. Repeat application in 14 days if woolly apple aphid is still present.

Pirimor: Also controls white apple leafhopper. Some countries have zero tolerance for Pirimor residues on fruit. Check with your packer before applying this material.

Zolone: Effective only if used in a cover spray program.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Adult white apple leafhopperDiseases and Insects

  • White apple leafhopper

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Admire 240 F - 200 mL
  • Pirimor 50 DF - 1.70 kg
  • Carzol SP - 1.10 kg
  • Sevin XLR - 3.10 L
  • Thionex 50 W - 2.60 kg

Comments

Spray when nymphs are present (2-5 per leaf). There are 2 generations of nymphs per season, in mid-June and early August. Control of adults is very difficult.

Admire: When applied for 1st generation, also controls green apple aphid and rosy apple aphid. Maximum 2 applications per season.

Assail : Applied at a rate of 120 g/ha for aphids will control leafhoppers.

Pirimor: Some countries have zero tolerance for Pirimor residues on fruit. Check with your packer before applying this material.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Adult potato leafhopperDiseases and Insects

  • Potato leafhopper

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Thionex 50 W - 2.60 kg

Comments

Assail applied at a rate of 120 g/ha for aphids will also control leafhoppers.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

adult tentiform leafminerDiseases and Insects

  • Tentiform leafminer

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Admire 240 F - 380 mL
  • Assail 70 WP - 80 g
  • *Pounce - 520 mL
  • *Decis 5 EC - 250 mL
  • *Ripcord 400 EC - 250 mL
  • *Matador 120 EC - 83 mL

Comments

Admire or Assail: Apply when populations are mainly in the sap-feeder stage.

Admire: Maximum 2 applications per season.

Assail: Maximum 4 applications per season

*Pyrethroids: Use is discouraged for summer generations of tentiform leafminer. These products do not control larvae within the mines. Pyrethroids are highly toxic to beneficial insects and may lead to outbreaks of European red mite.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Apple bark borer larvae and injuryDiseases and Insects

  • Dogwood borer
  • Apple bark borer

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Pounce plus Superior Oil - 22 mL/100 L water with 2 L oil

Comments

Soak the trunk. Make 2 applications at 2 to 3 week intervals when adults are flying (late June - early August).

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Mature Obique-banded leafroller larvaeDiseases and Insects

  • Obliquebanded leafroller

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • *Dipel 2X DF - 1.12 kg
    or *Forey 48BA - 2.80 L
    or *Bioprotec CAF - 4.00 L
  • Success 480 SC - 182 mL
  • Confirm 240 F - 1.00 L

Comments

When applied for leafroller control, these products also control other leaf-feeding caterpillars.

In most commercial orchards obliquebanded leafroller (OBLR) populations are resistant to organophosphate insecticides. Cross resistance to pyrethroids, Confirm and Intrepid has been documented in some populations. In orchards where pesticide resistance is suspected, use Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) (Dipel, Foray or Bioprotect), or the naturolyte insecticide Success 480 SC to control OBLR.

Avoid treating sequential generations with the products from the same chemical family. See Table 4-1, Insecticide and Miticide Groups Based on Sites of Action, on page 48.

Success: Monitor populations and re-apply as necessary on a 7-10 day schedule. Make no more than 3 applications. Spray solution should be above pH 6.0.

Confirm:  Apply a 2nd spray 10-14 days after the 1st application. Accurate timing of Confirm is important. See label for specific timing. Maximum 2 applications per season.

*Bt products: Make 2 applications of B.t. products at 5 to 7 day intervals if activity of the larvae is extended. For best results acidify spray mix to below pH 7.0 and apply at dusk or on overcast days.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

oriental fruit moth damage on a fruitDiseases and Insects

  • Oriental fruit moth

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Assail 70 WP - 240 g
  • *Decis 5 EC - 250 mL
  • Intrepid 240 F - 1.00 L

Comments

Apply as a special spray to orchards where there has been a history of damage. Timing is critical for effective control, use monitoring results to adjust spray timing.  Begin applications at peak egg hatch based on pheromone trap counts and degree days.

Rotate between products in different chemical families to deter the development of pesticide resistance. See Table 4-1, Insecticide and Miticide Groups Based on Sites of Action, on page 48.

*Pyrethroids: Maximum 1 application per season. Pyrethroids are highly toxic to beneficial insects and may lead to outbreaks of European red mite. Use only as a last resort.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

European Red MiteDiseases and Insects

  • European red mite

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Pyramite - 300 g
  • Acramite 50 WS 851 g or 3.75 pouches
  • Envidor 240 SC - 0.75 L
  • Kelthane 50 W - 3.25 kg
  • Carzol SP - 1.10 kg

Comments

Use established spray thresholds to time miticide applications. See Table 7-9 Activity of Miticides Registered on Apple and/or Pear in Ontario, on page 109. Miticides are best used alone. Use a minimum of 1,000 L/ha of water when applying summer miticides. Apply each miticide only once per season to delay development of resistance. Resistance to miticides is increasing in Ontario orchards. See Pest Resistance to Insecticides, Fungicides, Miticides on page 54.

Pyramite: Most effective against immature stages (but not eggs).

Carzol: Harsh on beneficial mite species.

Envidor: Has slow activity; control may not be apparent for up to 1 week.

For rust mite, use Envidor, Pyramite, or Kelthane.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Two-Spotted Spider Mite adults and eggs Diseases and Insects

  • Two-spotted spider mite

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Pyramite - 600 g
  • Kelthane 50 W - 3.25 kg
  • Carzol SP - 1,10 kg
  • Acramite 50 WS - 567 g or 2.5 pouches
  • Envidor 240 SC - 0.75 L

Comments

Use established spray thresholds to time miticide applications. See Table 7-9 Activity of Miticides Registered on Apple and/or Pear in Ontario, on page 109. Miticides are best used alone. Use a minimum of 1,000 L/ha of water when applying summer miticides. Apply each miticide only once per season to delay development of resistance. Resistance to miticides is increasing in Ontario orchards. See Pest Resistance to Insecticides, Fungicides, Miticides on page 54.

Pyramite: Most effective against immature stages (but not eggs).

Carzol : Harsh on beneficial mite species.

Envidor: Has slow activity; control may not be apparent for up to 1 week.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

pinpoint apple scabDiseases and Insects

  • Pinpoint and storage scab

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • use 1 of the fungicides recommended for secondary scab in Subsequent summer sprays.

Comments

Do not use fungicides closer than the stated interval to harvest. See Table 7-7, Days to Harvest Intervals for Products Used on Apples, on page 102.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Botrytis lesionPreharvest sprays

Diseases and Insects

  • Botrytis and Penicillium (suppression) storage diseases

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Scala SC - 2.00 L

Comments

Apply Scala 2 weeks before harvest. Summer applications of Captan and Maestro provide some protection against storage rots.

| Top of Page |

Untreated control (left) versus apple treated with Scholar fungicide (right). Postharvest treatment

Diseases and Insects

  • Blue mould
  • Grey mould

Materials and Amount/ha trees 4.5 - 5.5 m high

  • Mertect SC - 0.5L / 500 L

Comments

For use in dip tank or drencher. Continuous agitation is required. Follow label instructions. Does not control blue mould (Penicillium) or grey mould (Botrytis), that are resistant to benzimidazole fungicides.

Summer applications of Captan and Maestro provide some protection against storage rots.

Learn more:

| Top of Page |

Learn more

For more information:
Toll Free: 1-877-424-1300
Local: (519) 826-4047
E-mail: ag.info.omafra@ontario.ca