Publication 360, Guide to Fruit Production :
Grape Calendar - Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set



Excerpt from Publication 360, Guide to Fruit Production 2012-13,
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Cover of Publication 360, Fruit Production Recommendations

Table of Contents

  1. Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set
  2. Other grape calendar sections
  3. Other topics on grapes
  4. Grape calendar (PDF 142 kb)
  5. Pub 360 - Chapter 6 Grapes (PDF 156 kb)
  6. Related Links

 

Leafhoppers (Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set).

Grape leafhopper (GLH), potato leafhopper (PLH) and three banded leafhopper (TBLH) are the three main species of leafhoppers that feed on grapes.

  • Materials: Use one of: Leafhopper damage
    • Assail 70 WP @ 80 g/ha
    • Clutch WDG @ 100-140 g/ha
    • Pounce 384 EC @ 175 mL/ha
      or Perm-Up @ 175 mL/ha
      or Ambush 500 EC @ 140 mL/ha
    • Sevin XLR @ 5.25 L/ha
    • Surround WP @ 50.0 kg /ha
  • Comments: Surround WP: May delay sugar accumulation. Closely monitor harvest parameters to determine best time to harvest. Use 50 kg/­ha of Surround for the first two applications to establish the protectant layer, followed by 25 kg/ha in subsequent sprays. Re-apply to maintain complete coverage following heavy rain. Applications after veraison (when grapes begin to ripen) will adhere better to berries. Do not apply Surround postbloom on table grapes. See Kaolin clay (Surround WP).

 

Phylloxera (leaf form) (Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set)

  • Materials: Use one of: healthy vines on right, damaged vines on left
    • Movento 240 SC @ 365 mL/ha
    • Assail 70 WP @ 80 g/ha
    • Clutch 50 WDG @ 140-210 g/ha
  • Comments: Only French hybrid and vinifera varieties are susceptible to this pest.
    Movento has slow activity; control may not be apparent for 2-3 weeks. Consecutive applications should be at least 30 days apart. Movento will redistribute to young leaves as they develop. Use no more than twice per season at recommended rate. Must be tank-mixed with a spray adjuvant/additive having spreading and penetrating properties at a suggested rate of 0.2 % v/v. See label for further details

 

Japanese beetle (Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set)

  • Materials: Use one of: Japanese beetles
    • Imidan 50 WP @ 2.5 kg/ha
    • Assail 70 WP @ 80 g/ha
  • Comments: Japanese beetle is a sporadic pest that feeds on over 300 plant species. Monitor to determine beetle presence and extent of feeding damage. Where damage is localized, spot-treatment may be adequate for control. Watch for re-infestation after treatment.
    Imidan: Be aware of current label changes with respect to restrictions and precautions. See Table 6-4, Products Used on Grapes.

 

Black rot (Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set)

  • Materials: Use one of:
    • Nova 40 W @ 200 g/ha
    • Sovran @ 240 g/ha
    • Flint 50 WG @ 140 g/ha
    • Pristine WG @ 735 g/ha
    • Polyram DF @ 2 kg/1,000 L water
  • Comments: Sovran is phytotoxic to some varieties of cherries (see label); do not let product drift onto sensitive crops.
    Flint : Do not apply to Concord grapes or crop injury may occur.
    Pristine: When used as directed for the control of black rot, powdery and/or downy mildew, Pristine will help reduce the spread of anthracnose. Do not use on Concord, Fredonia or related varieties due to possible injury.


Powdery mildew (Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set)

  • Materials: Use one of:
    • Sovran @ 300 g/ha
    • Flint 50 WG @ 140 g/ha
    • Pristine WG @ 420-735 g/ha
    • Lance WDG @ 315 g/ha
      or Cantus WDG @ 315 g/ha
    • Nova 40 W @ 200 g/ha
    • Inspire @ 292 mL/ha
    • Quintec @ 300 mL/ha
    • Vivando SC @ 750 mL/ha
    • Microscopic Sulphur @ 4.5 kg/1,000 L water
      or Kumulus DF @ 12.6 kg/ha
      or Microthiol Disperss @ 12.6 kg/ha
    • MilStop @ 5.6 kg/1,000 L water/ha
    • Serenade ASO @ 9.0-15.0 L/ha
    • Purespray Geren Spray Oil @ 10 L/1,000 L water/ha
  • Comments:Fruit clusters are highly susceptible to powdery mildew from bloom through 4-6 weeks postbloom. It is important to maintain protective coverage. Intervals between sprays should be 7-10 days. Spray at 7-day intervals if weather is conducive to disease.
    Nova, Inspire, Quintec, Vivando, Pristine, Flint, Sovran, Lance, Cantus: To manage resistance for each of these fungicides, use a different fungicide group for each spray. Do not apply to sporulating lesions. See Managing resistance to fungicides, and Table 12-2. Fungicide/Bactericide Groups Based on Sites of Action. Unless indicated below, use each fungicide group only twice per season. These products are locally systemic. Consult labels for information on drying time required before rain.
    Sovran: is phytotoxic to some varieties of cherries (see label); do not let product drift onto sensitive crops.
    Flint: Do not apply to Concord grapes or crop injury may occur.
    Pristine: When used as directed for the control of black rot, powdery and/or downy mildew, Pristine will help reduce the spread of anthracnose. Do not use on Concord, Fredonia or related varieties due to possible injury.
    Pristine, Sovran, Flint: Do not rotate within this group.
    Pristine, Lance, Cantus: Do not rotate Pristine with Lance or Cantus.
    Nova and Inspire: Do not rotate between these products.
    Vivando: Do not apply at intervals of less than 14 days.
    MilStop: Apply in 1,000 L water per ha. MilStop creates a mildly alkaline solution. Do not tank mix with pH adjusters, oil, or products not compatible with mild alkaline solutions. MilStop works as an eradicant and has no protective activity.
    Serenade ASO: Provides suppression of powdery mildew. See Table 2-6. Efficacy Ratings for Insecticides, Miticides and Fungicides, for definitions of suppression and control, and Bacillus subtilis (Serenade ASO, Serenade MAX).
    Purespray Green Spray Oil 13E: Provides suppression of powdery mildew. See Table 2-6. Efficacy Ratings for Insecticides, Miticides and Fungicides, for definitions of suppression and control. Summer oils can cause crop injury, depending on rate, cultivar, weather conditions, and recent pesticide applications. Do not apply less than 1,000 L water/ha (1% solution). Not all varieties have been tested for tolerance, so spray a small area of each variety to confirm tolerance prior to spraying the whole field. Do not apply within 14 days of Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Bravo, Echo, Pounce, Perm-Up, or products containing sulphur. Do not apply within 48 hours of freezing temperatures. Do not apply when temperatures are very high (above 25°C) or to crops under moisture stress. Do not apply just prior to rain. Read the label carefully for other precautions. See notes on Mineral oil (Purespray Green Spray Oil 13E).

 

Downy mildew (Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set)

  • Materials: Use one of: Downy mildew damage
    • Revus @ 500 mL/ha
    • Pristine WG @ 675-735 g/ha
    • Sovran @ 300 g/ha
    • Presidio @ 220-292 mL/ha
    • Polyram DF @ 2 kg/1,000 L water
    • Manzate 200 WP @ 6.75 kg/ha
    • Maestro 80 DF @ 3.0 kg/ha
      or Supra Captan 80 WDG @ 1.5 kg/1,000 L water
    • Folpan 80 WDG @ 1.25 kg/ha
    • Copper Spray @ 3 kg + 6 kg lime/1,000 L water
    • Guardsman Copper Oxychloride @ 3 kg + 6 kg lime/ha
    • Gavel 75 DF @ 2.25 kg/ha
    • Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG @ 2.5 kg/ha
  • Comments: Fruit clusters are highly susceptible to downy mildew until 4-6 weeks postbloom. Intervals between sprays should be 7-10 days. Under rainy conditions use the shorter interval.
    Revus, Sovran, Pristine, Presidio: To manage resistance for each of these fungicides, rotate to a different fungicide group for each spray. Do not apply to sporulating lesions. See Managing resistance to fungicides, and Table 12-2. Fungicide/Bactericide Groups Based on Sites of Action. Unless indicated below, use each fungicide group only twice per season. These products are locally systemic. Consult labels for information on drying time required before rain.
    Revus: The use of a non-ionic adjuvant is recommended (0.125% v/v). Do not use Revus plus adjuvant tank-mixed with sulphur on sulphur-sensitive varieties. Use no more than four applications per season.
    Sovran: Sovran is phytotoxic to some varieties of cherries (see label); do not let product drift onto sensitive crops
    Pristine: When used as directed for the control of black rot, powdery and/or downy mildew, Pristine will help reduce the spread of anthracnose. Do not use on Concord, Fredonia or related varieties due to possible injury.
    Pristine and Sovran: Do not rotate Pristine with Sovran.
    Presidio: Tank mix with a labelled rate of another fungicide registered for downy mildew, but with a different mode of action.
    Copper Spray and Guardsman Copper Oxychloride: Do not apply on Seibel varieties (De Chaunac).
    Ridomil Gold MZ: No more than one application postbloom


Botrytis bunch rot (Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set)

  • Materials: Use one of:
    • Rovral @ 1.5 kg/ha
    • Vangard 75 WG @ 750 g/ha
    • Scala @ 2.0 L/ha
    • Elevate 50 WDG @ 1.12 kg/ha
    • Pristine WG @ 420-735 g/ha
    • Serenade ASO @ 5.0-15.0 L/ha
  • Comments: An immediate postbloom spray may provide control of latent infections in varieties prone to botrytis bunch rot (e.g. Gamay Noir, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Riesling, Chardonnay and Seyval Blanc), if the bloom/postbloom period is wet. Direct this spray at the fruiting zone.
    For resistance management, rotate among fungicide groups between applications.
    Vangard, Scala: Do not rotate between these products.
    Elevate: Do not apply Elevate if rainfall is expected within six hours after application.
    Pristine: At high rate provides suppression of bunch rot.
    Serenade ASO: Provides suppression of bunch rot. See Table 2-6. Efficacy Ratings for Pesticides and Bacillus subtilis (Serenade ASO, Serenade MAX).

Precautions

  • Read the product label and follow all safety precautions. Some grape varieties are sensitive to Sulphur, Copper, Flint, Pristine, or other products. See Table 6-5. Relative Susceptibility of Grape Cultivars to Diseases, for specific information.
  • For preharvest intervals, re-entry periods, maximum number of applications and chemical groups, see Table 6-4. Products Used on Grapes.
  • Resistance management: To delay development of resistance to fungicides, miticides and insecticides, follow resistance management guidelines outlined in Pest Resistance to Insecticides, Fungicides, Miticides. Products belonging to the same chemical group are grouped together in the calendar.
    In addition, take the following steps to avoid rapid development of fungicide resistance:
    • Do not reduce rates below those specified on the label.
    • Do not use Nova, Inspire, Sovran, Flint, Vivando, Lance, Cantus, Revus, or Pristine as eradicants when sporulating lesions of the target disease are present
    • Use sufficient water to provide thorough coverage.
  • Preharvest intervals: Contact the processors and wineries directly in regard to their preharvest interval policy. Preharvest intervals listed in Table 6-4. Products Used on Grapes are taken from product labels. In some cases, regulations on residues in finished products (e.g. wine) are much more stringent. Many processors require longer preharvest intervals than stated on product labels. Some processors and wineries also have special restrictions for certain pest control products regarding number of applications or application after a certain crop stage. Consult the grape purchaser for more details.
  • Spray water volumes: Sufficient water volumes are necessary to provide complete coverage with grape fungicides, miticides and insecticides. Increased water volumes are necessary as the season progresses and canopies grow. Canopy management through hedging, leaf-pulling and shoot thinning, as well as proper sprayer calibration, are critical to ensure proper spray coverage. Sufficient coverage and efficacy are not possible if water volumes are inadequate. Some types of sprayers are able to provide sufficient coverage with less water than others. Consult equipment dealers or professional crop consultants about the amount of water needed to ensure adequate coverage. Where the product rate is listed in amount per 1,000 L and if a water volume is not provided on the label, use enough water to wet the foliage to the near-drip point. Read and follow water volume requirements on all product labels.

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E-mail: ag.info.omafra@ontario.ca


Author: OMAFRA Staff
Creation Date: 25 June 2007
Last Reviewed: 10 May 2012