Publication 360, Fruit Production Recommendations:
Grape Calendar - Berries pea-sized

Table of Contents

1. Berries pea-sized
   • Grape berry moth (2nd generation)
   • Grape phylloxera (leaf form)
   • Powdery mildew
   • Downy mildew
   • Black rot
     
   • Precautions
     
2. Other grape calendar sections
   • Bud burst to first leaf
   • First leaf, 1.25-5.0 cm shoot length
   • 3-5 leaves unfolded, 10-15 cm shoot length
   • Shoot length, 20-25 cm
   • Trace bloom (first cap fall)
   • Immediate post-bloom to early fruit set
   • Berry touch to cluster closure
   • Beginning of ripening (veraison) through harvest
   • Special sprays (when monitoring indicates the need)
     
3. Other topics on grapes
   • Grape growth stages
   • Grape nutrition
   • Notes on grape insects and diseases
   • Mating disruption (MD) technology for grape berry moth
   • Table 6-4. Products used on grapes
   • Table 6-5. Relative diseases susceptibilities of grape cultivars
   • Table 6-6. Activity of fungicides on grape diseases
4. Grape calendar (PDF 172 kb)
5. Pub 360 - Chapter 6 Grapes (PDF 225 kb)
6. Related Links

Grape berry moth (2nd generation) (Berries pea-sized)

• Materials: Use one of:
  • Delegate WG @ 280 g/ha
  • Success 480 SC @ 182 mL/ha
  • Altacor @ 285 g/ha
  • Pounce @ 360 mL/ha
  • Perm-Up @ 360 mL/ha
  • Ambush 500 EC @ 275 mL/ha
  • Imidan 50 WP @ 3.1 kg/ha
  • Diazinon 50 W @ 3.375 kg/ha
  • Sevin XLR @ 5.25 L/ha
  • Guthion 50 WSB (see label)
    or Sniper (see label)
• Comments: Where mating disruption (MD) for GBM is in place and monitoring indicates good control, an insecticide is not needed at this time.
  Where berry moth is a regular problem, use one of these products. Apply sprays in high water volumes to ensure complete coverage in the fruiting zone.
  For resistance management, do not use insecticides from the same group for more than one generation. Within a generation, only one chemical group should be used.
  Delegate and Success: Provide suppression rather than control of grape berry moth. See Table 2-6. Efficacy Ratings for Pesticides.
  Altacor, Delegate, and Success: Apply at first egg hatch (first sustained moth catch in pheromone traps), earlier than the traditional timing (upswing in moth numbers captured in traps) used for Guthion, Sniper, Diazinon, Pounce or Imidan. A second application may be necessary if flight is extended.

Grape phylloxera (leaf form) (Berries pea-sized)

• Materials: Use one of:
  • Movento 240 SC @ 365 mL/ha
  • Thionex 50 W (see label)
    
• Comments: Movento has slow activity; control may not be apparent for 2-3 weeks. Consecutive applications should be at least 30 days apart. Movento will redistribute to young leaves as they develop. See the Movento label for additional details.
  Thionex 50 W: Can cause phytotoxicity (leaf burning) on some French hybrid varieties, notably Baco Noir.

Powdery mildew (Berries pea-sized)

• Materials: Use one of:.
  • Flint 50 WG @ 140 g/ha
  • Sovran @ 300 g/ha
  • Pristine WG @ 420-735 g/ha
  • Lance WDG @ 315 g/ha
  • Nova 40 W @ 200 g/ha
  • Dikar @ 5.5 kg/ha
  • Microscopic Sulphur (see label) or Kumulus DF @ 12.6 kg/ha
  • MilStop @ 5.6 kg/ha
  • Serenade ASO @ 9.0-15.90 L/ha
• Comments: Fruit clusters are highly susceptible to powdery mildew until 5 weeks after bloom. Spray at 7-10 day intervals to maintain protective coverage. Spray at 7 day intervals in rainy weather.
  Sovran is phytotoxic to some varieties of cherries (see label); do not let product drift onto sensitive crops.
  Flint: Do not apply to Concord grapes or crop injury may occur.
  Pristine: For resistance management, use the high rate. Do not use on Concord, Fredonia or related varieties due to possible injury.
  Pristine, Flint and Sovran: Do not alternate within this group. For resistance management, use no more than two applications of any of these products per season. Do not use if sporulating lesions are visible.
  Pristine and Lance: Do not alternate Pristine with Lance. For resistance management, use no more than two applications of either product per season.
  Nova: For resistance management, use no more than two applications per season. Do not use if sporulating lesions are visible.
  MilStop: Apply in 1,000 L water per ha. MilStop creates a mildly alkaline solution. Do not tank mix with pH adjusters, oil, or products not compatible with mild alkaline solutions. MilStop works as an eradicant and has no protective activity.
  Serenade ASO: Provides suppression of powdery mildew. See Table 2-6. Efficacy Ratings for Pesticides, and Bacillus subtilis (Serenade ASO, Serenade MAX).

Downy mildew (Berries pea-sized)

• Materials: Use one of:
  • Revus @ 500 mL/ha
  • Pristine WG @ 675-735 g/ha
  • Dikar @ 5.5 kg/ha
  • Folpan 80 WDG @ 1.25 kg/ha
  • Supra Captan 80 WDG (see label)
    or Maestro 80 DF @ 2.0 kg/ha
  • Polyram DF (see label)
  • Gavel 75 DF @ 2.25 kg/ha
  • Copper Spray @ 3 kg + 6 kg lime/1,000 L
  • Guardsman Copper Oxychloride @ 3 kg + 6 kg lime/ha
• Comments: Revus: The use of a non-ionic adjuvant is recommended (0.125% volume: volume). Do not use Revus plus adjuvant tank-mixed with sulphur on sulphur-sensitive varieties. For resistance management, rotate to a different chemical group after each application of Revus. Do not use if sporulating lesions are present. Use no more than 4 applications per season.
  Pristine: For resistance management, use the high rate and no more than two applications per season. Do not use on Concord, Fredonia or related varieties due to possible injury. Do not use if sporulating lesions are present.
  Copper Spray and Guardsman Copper Oxychloride: Do not apply on Seibel varieties (De Chaunac).

 

Black rot (Berries pea-sized)

• Materials: Use one of:
  • Nova 40 W @ 200 g/ha
  • Flint 50 WG @ 140 g/ha
  • Sovran @ 240 g/ha
  • Pristine WG @ 735 g/ha
  • Polyram DF (see label)
• Comments: Sovran is phytotoxic to some varieties of cherries (see label); do not let product drift onto sensitive crops.
  Flint: Do not apply to Concord grapes or crop injury may occur.
  Pristine: Do not use on Concord, Fredonia or related varieties due to possible injury.
  Pristine, Sovran and Flint: Do not alternate within this group. For resistance management apply no more than two applications of any of these products per season.
  

Precautions

• Read the product label and follow all safety precautions. Some grape varieties are sensitive to Sulphur, Thionex, Copper, Dikar, Flint, Pristine, Dikar plus Zolone, or other products. See Table 6-5. Relative Susceptibility of Grape Cultivars to Diseases, for specific information.
• For preharvest intervals, re-entry periods, maximum number of applications and chemical groups, see Table 6-4. Products Used on Grapes.
• Resistance management: To delay development of resistance to fungicides, miticides and insecticides, follow resistance management guidelines outlined in Pest Resistance to Insecticides, Fungicides, Miticides. In addition, take the following steps to avoid rapid development of fungicide resistance:
  • Do not reduce rates below those specified on the label.
  • Do not use Nova, Sovran, Flint, Lance, Revus, or Pristine as eradicants when sporulating lesions of the target disease are present.
  • Use sufficient water to provide thorough coverage.
• Preharvest intervals: Contact the processors and wineries directly in regard to their preharvest interval policy. Preharvest intervals listed in Table 6-4. Products Used on Grapes are taken from product labels. In some cases, regulations on residues in finished products (e.g. wine) are much more stringent. Many processors require longer preharvest intervals than stated on product labels. Some processors and wineries also have special restrictions for certain pest control products regarding number of applications or application after a certain crop stage. Consult the grape purchaser for more details.
• Spray water volumes: Sufficient water volumes are necessary to provide complete coverage with grape fungicides, miticides and insecticides. Increased water volumes are necessary as the season progresses and canopies grow. Canopy management through hedging, leaf-pulling and shoot thinning, as well as proper sprayer calibration, are critical to ensure proper spray coverage. Sufficient coverage and efficacy are not possible if water volumes are inadequate. Some types of sprayers are able to provide sufficient coverage with less water than others. Consult equipment dealers or professional crop consultants about the amount of water needed to ensure adequate coverage. Read and follow water volume requirements on all product labels.

Related Links

• Notes on Grape Pests
• Grapes in Ontario
• Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
• Pesticide Application and Safety
• Pesticide Companies and Agents
• Search the PMRA website
• Ontario Minor Use Program
• OMAFRA Publication 505: Ontario Weeds
• OMAFRA Publication 75: Guide To Weed Control: Grapes