Publication 360, Fruit Production Recommendations: Apple Calendar - Tight Cluster to Pink



Excerpt from Publication 360, Fruit Production Recommendations 2010-11,
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Cover of Publication 360, Fruit Production RecommendationsTable of Contents

  1. Tentiform leafminer
  2. Scab
  3. Powdery mildew
  4. Rust
  5. Plant Bugs
  6. Codling moth and Oriental fruit moth
  7. Spring-feeding Caterpillars
  8. Precautions
  9. Learn more
  10. Other Apple Calendar sections
  11. Other Information on Apples
  12. Chapter 4: Apple Calendar - PDF 357 kb
  13. Related Links

 

Tentiform leafminer (Tight cluster to pink)

Apply if there are three or more eggs per spur or one or more sapfeeders per leaf. See Table 4-10. Thresholds for Tentiform Leafminer on Apples.

  • Materials: Use one of:Adult tentiform leafminer
    • Assail 70 WP @ 80 g/ha
    • Calypso 480 EC @ 145 mL/ha
    • Actara 25 WG @ 315 g/ha
      • Comments: Assail, Calypso, Actara (neonicotinoid insecticides): Apply when population is mainly in the sap feeder stage. Use a maximum of two neonicotinoid applications per season. Repeated use of some neonicotinoids may result in mite outbreaks.
      • Comments: Actara: Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds. Do not apply during bloom, and wait at least 5 days after treatment before placing beehives in or near treated fields.
    • Intrepid 240 F @ 500 mL/ha
    • Confirm 240 F @ 1.00 L/ha
      • Comments: Intrepid or Confirm: Apply at first egg hatch. Confirm provides suppression rather than control of leafminer populations. Continue monitoring after application.
    • Altacor @ 215 g/ha
    • Delegate WG @ 420 g/ha
      • Comments: Altacor, Delegate: Apply when population is mainly in the sapfeeder stage.
    • Pounce @ 520 mL/ha or Perm-Up @ 520 mL/ha or Ambush 500 EC @ 400 mL/ha
    • Decis 5 EC @ 250 mL/ha
    • Ripcord 400 EC @ 250 mL/ha or Up-Cyde 2.5 EC @ 400 mL/ha
    • Matador 120 EC @ 83 mL/ha or Silencer 120 EC @ 83 mL/ha
      • Comments: Pounce, Ambush, Perm-Up, Ripcord, Up-Cyde, Decis, Matador, Silencer (pyrethroids):
        Apply at first egg hatch. Pyrethroids are highly toxic to beneficial insects, and may lead to outbreaks of European red mite. Use a maximum of one application per season.

Scab (Tight Cluster to Pink)

Resistance to Group 3 and Group 11 fungicides has been confirmed in Ontario. Check the status of these products before using them in your orchard. The following products are compatible with oil: Polyram DF, Dithane DG, and Manzate DF. When mixing fungicides with oil, add fungicide to tank when 1/4 to 1/2 full of water and mix thoroughly. Add Superior 70 Oil last when tank is at least 1/2 full of water. Do not use oil within 14 days of Captan or Maestro.

  • Materials: Use one of:
    • Manzate Pro-stick @ 6.00 kg/ha or Dithane DG @ 6.00 kg/ha or Penncozeb 75 DF @ see label
    • Polyram DF @ 6.00 kg/ha
    • Supra Captan 80 WDG @ 3.75 kg/ha or Maestro 80 DF @ 3.75 kg/ha
    • Dikar @ 6.75 kg/ha
    • Sovran @ 240 g/ha
    • Flint 50 WG @ 140 g/ha
    • Pristine WG @ 1.0-1.2 kg/ha
      • Comments: Pristine: Use the higher rate and a shorter interval during periods of rapid growth or when disease pressure is high.
    • Nova 40 W @ 340 g + Dithane DG @ 3.00 kg/ha
    • Nova 40 W @ 340 g + Polyram DF @ 3.00 kg/ha
    • Nova 40 W @ 340 g + Maestro 80 DF @ 1.90 kg/ha
    • Nustar @ 100 g + Manzate Pro-stick @ 3.00 kg/ha
      • Comments: Sovran, Flint, Nova, Nustar and Pristine: Should not be used earlier than Tight cluster. After last application tissue is protected from infection for 5-8 days. In conditions of rapid growth, shorten intervals between applications. Check labels for details. Do not use once apple scab is present. Use of these products as eradicants may result in the development of fungicide resistance.
    • Vangard 75 WG @ 370 g/ha
    • Scala SC @ 1.00 L/ha
  • For more information - Ontario CropIPM: Scab

      • Developing secondary scab lesions

Powdery Mildew (Tight Cluster to Pink)

If powdery mildew was a problem in previous years, then an application of a fungicide is necessary at this time. Spray susceptible varieties. If powdery mildew was prevalent the previous year, apply fungicides beginning at Green tip. Otherwise, begin application at Tight cluster and continue to First summer spray. Additional sprays beyond First summer spray may be needed on susceptible varieties or if disease pressure is severe.

  • Materials: Use one of: An apple with powdery mildew russetting
    • Nova 40 W @ 340 g/ha
    • Nustar @ 200 g/ha
      • Comments: Nova, Nustar: These products do not control scab and should be tank-mixed with a protectant fungicide. See options for apple scab control at Half-inch green to tight cluster.
    • Sovran @ 240 g/ha
    • Flint 50 WG @ 140-210 g/ha
      • Comments: Flint: For powdery mildew control, use 210 g/ha during pink to bloom stage.
    • Pristine WG @ 1.0-1.2 kg/ha
      • Comments: Pristine: Use the higher rate and a shorter interval during periods of rapid growth or when disease pressure is high.
    • Dikar @ 6.75 kg/ha
    • Microscopic Sulphur @ see label
    • Kumulus DF @ 22.5 kg/ha
  • For more information - Ontario CropIPM: Powdery Midlew

      •  

Rust (Tight Cluster to Pink)

Spray if the alternate host, Eastern red cedar is nearby. Fungicides should be applied preventatively. Include in each spray up to and including First summer spray.

  • Materials: Use one of: Quince rust on fruit
    • Ferbam 76 WDG @ see label
      • Comments: Ferbam: May cause russeting on Golden Delicious and other sensitive varieties.
    • Dikar @ 6.75 kg/ha
    • Polyram DF @ 6.00 kg/ha
    • Dithane DG @ 6.00 kg/ha or Penncozeb 75 DF @ see label
    • Nova 40 W @ 340 g/ha
    • Flint 50 WG @ 140 g/ha

Plant bugs (Tight Cluster to Pink)

Adult Tarnished plant bugApply only in orchards where monitoring indicates plant bugs are active.

  • Materials: Use one of:
    • Ripcord 400 EC @ 250 mL/ha
    • Matador 120 EC @ 104 mL/ha or Silencer 120 EC @ 104 mL/ha
    • Ambush 500 EC @ 400 mL/ha
      • Comments: Ripcord, Matador, Silencer and Ambush (pyrethroids): Are highly toxic to beneficial insects, and may lead to outbreaks of European red mite.
       

Codling moth and Oriental fruit moth (Tight Cluster to Pink)

  • Materials: Isomate-CFM/OFM TT @ 500 dispensers/ha Adult codling moth
    • Comments: Reduces mating of codling moth (CM) and oriental fruit moth (OFM). Use mating disruption only if initial pest populations are low. Apply to square or rectangular orchard blocks at least 4 ha in size. Place pheromone traps for monitoring codling moth in orchard by bloom. Apply dispensers no later than petal fall, before first codling moth flight.

      Dispensers last for up to 150 days for codling moth and up to 90 days for OFM. Apply dispensers on lateral branches in upper third of tree canopy. Double the rate of dispensers at edges of orchards.

      Most orchards will require insecticides for one or both CM generations to prevent fruit damage. Insecticides for OFM may be needed in late varieties where high OFM populations exist. Outbreaks of other pests may occur when insecticides are not used for codling moth. Pest monitoring is extremely important where using mating disruption.

      See Using mating disruption to control codling moth and oriental fruit moth (Isomate-CFM/OFM TT).
  • For more information - Ontario CropIPM: Codling Moth, Oriental Fruit Moth

Spring-feeding caterpillars (Tight Cluster to Pink)

Green fruitworm and damaged appleApply if there are 12 to 15 larvae in 100 terminals.

Precautions

Read the product label and follow all safety precautions.

Consult the product label for suggested water volumes. Otherwise, use enough water to ensure thorough spray coverage. Where the product rate is listed in amount per 1,000 L, and if a water volume is not provided on the label, use enough water to wet the foliage to the near drip point.

For information on identifying pests and monitoring apple orchards, refer to OMAFRA Publication 310, Integrated Pest Management for Apples.

Products are listed according to insecticide and fungicide group. Use products from different groups to prevent the development of pest resistance. For resistance management, refer to Pest Resistance to Insecticides, Fungicides, Miticides.


For preharvest interval, re-entry period, maximum number of applications and chemical group, see Table 4-7. Products Used on Apples.

Learn more:

Related Links


For more information:
Toll Free: 1-877-424-1300
Local: (519) 826-4047
E-mail: ag.info.omafra@ontario.ca
Author: OMAFRA Staff
Creation Date: 25 June 2007
Last Reviewed: 05 May 2011