Publication 360 - Peach Calendar for Ontario

The Peach Calendar is an excerpt from Publication 360 - Fruit Production Recommendations, 2006 - 2007 version

Table of Contents

1. Pub 360 Chapter 10 - Tender Fruit (Stone Fruit and Pears) - Peach Calendar pgs. 235 - 239 - (Pdf format 66k)
2. Dormant (in March or early April before buds swell)
3. Prebloom (half-inch green to first pink)
4. Pink through bloom
5. Petal fall and shuck spray
6. First generation oriental fruit moth spray: Shuck split
7. Special sprays (when monitoring indicates the need during early green fruit stage to pit hardening)
8. Second generation oriental fruit moth spray
9. Special sprays (when monitoring indicates the need)
10. Third generation oriental fruit moth spray (late varieties)
11. Prepick spray
12. Special spray
13. Fall spray (preferred time to spray for leaf curl)
14. Table 10-13. Products Used on Peaches

Read the label and follow all safety precautions.
Consult the product label for suggested water volumes. Otherwise, use enought water to ensure thorough spray coverage. Where the product rate is listed in amount/1,000 L and if a water volume is not provided on the label, use enough water to wet the foliage to the near drip point.
For resistance management, refer to Pest Resistance to Insecticides, Fungicides, Miticides, on page 54.
For preharvest interval, re-entry period, maximum number of applications and chemical group, see Table 10-13. Products Used on Peaches, on page 239.

**Page numbers refer to pages in Publication 360 - Fruit Production Recommendations**

Dormant (in March or early April before buds swell)

Diseases and Insects

• Leaf curl

Materials and Amount/ha

• Ferbam 76 WDG @ see label
• Bravo 500 @ 7.00 L

Comments

Delay may result in poor control of leaf curl.
Ferbam: If mixing with oil, follow mixing directions on the Superior 70 Oil label carefully or poor leaf curl control will result.
Bravo: Do not apply within ten days of an oil application because it will burn flower and leaf tissue.

(Leaf curl spray is not needed in spring if a spray was applied last fall)

Diseases and Insects

• San Jose scale

Materials and Amount/ha

• Superior 70 Oil @ 20 L/1,000 L water

Comments

Apply oil routinely every third year. If scale is a serious or continuing problem, apply oil for at least two consecutive years.

| Top of Page |

Prebloom (half-inch green to first pink)

Diseases and Insects

• European red mite

Materials and Amount/ha

• Superior 70 Oil @ 20 L/1,000 L water

Comments

Preferred time to use oil for red mite control if overwintering populations are high. Red mite populations
are more likely to be high if pyrethroid sprays were used the previous year for oriental fruit moth and tarnished plant bug control.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Mites

Diseases and Insects

• Oriental fruit moth

Materials and Amount/ha

• Isomate M100 @ 250 dispensers/ha
• Isomate Rosso @ 500 dispensers/ha

Comments

Pheromone mating disruption products are not insecticides and will not control other pests that may be present. Initial OFM population must be low. Apply to square or rectangular orchard blocks at least 4 ha in size. Must be applied before moth flight begins. For more information on mating disruption refer to Oriental fruit moth, on page 219 and OMAFRA Factsheets, Mating Disruption for Management
of Insect Pests, Order No. 03-079 and Mating Disruption for Management of Oriental Fruit Moth in Stone and Pome Fruit, Order No. 04-029.
Isomate M100: Make a second application 75-80 days after initial application.
Isomate Rosso: Should provide mating disruption for up to 120 days.
If desired, use both an insecticide and mating disruption for managing first generation OFM (see Shuck split).

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Oriental fruit moth

| Top of Page |

Pink through bloom

Diseases and Insects

• Blossom blight stage of brown rot

Materials and Amount/ha

• Topas 250 E @ 500 mL
• Nova 40 W @ 340 g
• Bravo 500 @ 7.00 L
• Supra Captan 80 WDG @ 4.50 kg
  or Maestro 80 DF @ 4.50 kg
• Funginex 190 EC @ 2.50 L
• Rovral @ 1.50 kg
• Vangard 75 WG @ 370 g
• Microscopic Sulphur @ see label
• Elevate 50 WDG @ 1.70 kg
• Lance WDG @ 370 g
• Indar 75 WSP @ 140 g
• Mission 418 EC @ 300 mL

Comments

Spray when first blossoms are opening (late pink). Repeat every four to five days if weather is wet. To avoid resistance, alternate between fungicide families. Do not use Nova, Topas, Rovral, Elevate, Lance, Indar, Funginex or Vangard more than two times for each product per season and never in consecutive sprays. For more information on resistance management see Brown rot control, on page 215.
Sulphur: May encourage mite build-up.
Bravo, Captan or Maestro: Do not apply within ten days of an oil application, because this causes burning of flower and leaf tissue.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Brown rot

| Top of Page |

Green fall and shuck spray

Diseases and Insects

• Green peach aphid

Materials and Amount/ha

• Pirimor 50 DF @ 560 g

Comments

Apply no later than shuck fall. Observe the days to harvest interval. Thresholds for application are 30% of terminals infested or 20 colonies per tree for peaches and 10% of terminals infested or five to ten colonies per tree for nectarines. See Notes on Insects and Mites, on page 218.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Aphids

| Top of Page |

First generation oriental fruit moth spray: Shuck split

Diseases and Insects

• Oriental fruit moth

Materials and Amount/ha

• Lorsban 50 W @ 3.50 kg
• Guthion Solupak @ see label
  or Sniper @ see label
• Imidan 50 WP @ 3.75 kg

Comments

Widespread resistance has developed in most areas of Ontario to the organophosphate insecticides such as Guthion and the carbamates including Sevin. Resistance to pyrethroids is also developing at low levels.
Use Lorsban for the control of first generation and pyrethroids for generations two to four to provide rotation of insecticide families and to avoid rapid selection of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides. Do not use pyrethroids for first generation control of OFM.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Oriental fruit moth

Diseases and Insects

• Plum curculio

Materials and Amount/ha

• Guthion Solupak @ see label
  or Sniper @ see label

Comments

Plum curculio is a sporadic pest of peaches and nectarines. Scout edges of orchards near woodlots and wild hosts in spring. Check small fruit for crescent-shaped egg laying scars. A border spray of four to six rows may provide sufficient control. Check developing fruit for new damage seven to ten days later.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Plum curculio
  
  

Diseases and Insects

• Brown rot

Materials and Amount/ha

• Topas 250 E @ 500 mL
• Rovral @ 1.50 kg
• Supra Captan 80 WDG @ 4.50 kg
  or Maestro 80 DF @ 4.50 kg
• Microscopic Sulphur @ see label
• Vangard 75 WG @ 740 g
• Elevate 50 WDG @ 1.70 kg
• Lance WDG @ 370 g
• Indar 75 WSP @ 140 g

Comments

Alternate between fungicide families. Do not use Rovral, Topas, Elevate, Lance, Indar or Vangard more than two times for each product per season and never in consecutive sprays. For more information on resistance management see Brown rot control, on page 215.
Spray again in seven days if wet weather persists.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Brown rot

Diseases and Insects

• European red mite

Materials and Amount/ha

• Apollo SC @ 300 mL
• Kelthane 50 W @ 3.25 kg

Comments

If oil was applied in the spring, a miticide is likely not necessary at this time. See Mites, on page 218.
Apollo is most effective on eggs and newly hatched nymphs. Apply when leaf tissue is present, mites are mostly in the first summer generation egg stage and before there are three active mites per leaf. Use sufficient water volumes to obtain good coverage, but not less than 475 L/ha.
Apply up to 14 days after petal fall.
Kelthane is most effective on mite nymphs. Check leaves and apply if five to seven active red mites per leaf are present and there are few beneficial predatory mites. Kelthane is a slow-acting material, so wait seven to ten days after use to evaluate results. Repeated use of Kelthane has led to red mite resistance.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Mites

Diseases and Insects

• Lesser peachtree borer
• Peachtree borer

Materials and Amount/ha

• Thiodan 50 WP @ 1.50 kg/ 1,000 L
  or Thionex 50 W @ 1.50 kg/ 1,000 L
  or Thiodan 4 EC @ 1.75 L/ 1,000 L
• Sevin XLR @ 6.25 L

Comments

See Peachtree borers, on page 220. These are sporadic pests; Spray in areas with high borer populations. Use pheromone traps to monitor adult activity and begin sprays at first flight. Make three applications at five to ten day intervals. Direct these sprays with a handgun to cover trunk and scaffold limbs thoroughly; do not spray fruit. Check the days to harvest interval. Do not apply second Thiodan spray to varieties in the Harrow Diamond and Garnet Beauty season. On these varieties use Sevin XLR. Do not use third Thiodan spray on varieties in the Sunhaven, Redhaven, Veecling and Vivid season. On these varieties use Sevin XLR.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Peach tree borers

| Top of Page |

Special sprays (when monitoring indicates the need during early green fruit stage to pit hardening)

Diseases and Insects

• Tarnished plant bug

Materials and Amount/ha

• Matador 120 EC @ 104 mL
• Ripcord 400 EC @ 175 mL
• Thiodan 50 WP @ 4.50 kg
  or Thionex 50 W @ 4.50 kg
• Guthion Solupak @ see label
  or Sniper @ see label

Comments

General timing is mid-June if 2% or more fruit damage is observed. Where plant bug pressure is high and significant new damage is detected, repeat spray in five to seven days. Plant bug pressure is lower in orchards with managed sod. Other cultural techniques can reduce damage from this pest. See Tarnished plant bug, on page 222.
Ripcord also controls oak plant bug.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Tarnished plant bug

| Top of Page |

Second generation oriental fruit moth spray

Diseases and Insects

• Oriental fruit moth

Materials and Amount/ha

• Decis 5 EC @ 200 mL
• Ripcord 400 EC @ 175 mL
• Pounce @ 275 mL
• Matador 120 EC @ 104 mL
• Guthion Solupak @ see label
  or Sniper @ see label
• Imidan 50 WP @ 3.75 kg

Comments

Spray all varieties. This generation may require two insecticide sprays applied about 14 days apart.
Resistance has developed in most areas of Ontario to the organophosphate insecticides such as Guthion, and carbamates including Sevin. Resistance to pyrethroids is also developing at low levels. Where resistance is not a problem, Imidan or Guthion may still provide satisfactory control.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Oriental fruit moth

Diseases and Insects

• Brown rot (early varieties only Harrow Diamond through Sunhaven)

Materials and Amount/ha

• Topas 250 E @ 500 mL
• Supra Captan 80 WDG @ 4.50 kg
  or Maestro 80 DF @ 4.50 kg
• Rovral @ 1.50 kg
• Microscopic sulphur @ see label
• Vangard 75 WG @ 740 g
• Elevate 50 WDG @ 1.70 kg
• Lance WDG @ 370 g
• Indar 75 WSP @ 140 g

Comments

Sulphur: May induce mite problems.
Topas: Maximum two applications in the three weeks prior to harvest.
For more information on resistance management see Brown rot control, on page 215.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Brown rot

| Top of Page |

Special sprays (when monitoring indicates the need)

Diseases and Insects

• European red mite
• Two-spotted spider mite

Materials and Amount/ha

• Pyramite @ 300 g
• Kelthane 50 W @ 3.25 kg
• Carzol SP @ 1.10 kg
• Envidor 240 SC @ 0.75 L

Comments

Check product labels for preharvest intervals in Table 10-13 on page 239. Apply this spray around the second oriental fruit moth spray (early July). On cultivars Harbrite and later, examine for mites again three weeks before harvest. Spray if five to ten active pest mites per leaf are present in July and few beneficial mites are present. Monitor carefully because populations of pest mites can build rapidly.
Pyramite is most effective when applied to mite nymphs. Use 600 g/ha for two-spotted spider mites.
Envidor is most effective against all life stages of pest mites but fastest activity will be achieved if application is made early when the majority of mites are in the nymphal stages. Miticides are best used alone. Use a minimum water volume of 1,000 L/ha for effective control.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Mites

| Top of Page |

Thrid generation oriental fruit moth spray (late varieties)

Diseases and Insects

• Oriental fruit moth

Materials and Amount/ha

• Decis 5 EC @ 200 mL
• Ripcord 400 EC @ 175 mL
• Pounce @ 275 mL
• Imidan 50 WP @ 3.75 kg

Comments

Usually for all varieties from Vivid season and later.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Oriental fruit moth

Diseases and Insects

• Brown rot

Materials and Amount/ha

• Topas 250 E @ 500 mL
• Supra Captan 80 WDG @ 4.50 kg
  or Maestro 80 DF @ 4.50 kg
• Rovral @ 1.50 kg
• Microscopic sulphur @ see label
• Vangard 75 WG @ 740 g
• Elevate 50 WDG @ 1.70 kg
• Lance WDG @ 370 g
• Indar 75 WSP @ 140 g

Comments

Sulphur may induce mite problems.
Topas: Maximum two applications in the three weeks prior to harvest.
For more information on resistance management see Brown rot control, on page 215.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Brown rot

| Top of Page |

Prepick spray

Diseases and Insects

• Oriental fruit moth

Materials and Amount

• Decis 5 EC @ 200 mL
• Ripcord 400 EC @ 175 mL
• Pounce @ 275 mL
• Imidan 50 WP @ 3.75 kg

Comments

Spray each variety seven to ten days before first harvest when first colour shows. See comments on
organophosphate resistance under First oriental fruit moth spray, on page 236.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Oriental fruit moth

Diseases and Insects

• Brown rot

Materials and Amount/ha

• Topas 250 E @ 500 mL
• Supra Captan 80 WDG @ 4.50 kg
  or Maestro 80 DF @ 4.50 kg
• Rovral @ 1.50 kg
• Microscopic sulphur @ see label
• Vangard 75 WG @ 740 g
• Elevate 50 WDG @ 1.70 kg
• Lance WDG @ 370 g
• Indar 75 WSP @ 140 g
• Mission 418 EC @ 300 mL

Comments

Apply with OFM sprays seven to ten days before harvest.
For more information on resistance management see Brown rot control, on page 215.
Sulphur: use may induce mite problems.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Brown rot

Diseases and Insects

• Rhizopus rot

Materials and Amount/ha

• Botran 75 W @ see label
  

| Top of Page |

Special spray

Diseases and Insects

• Brown rot

Materials and Amount

• Roval @ 1.50 kg
• Microscopic Sulphur @ see label
• Vangard 75 WG @ 740 g
• Elevate 50 WDG @ 1.70 kg
• Lance WDG @ 370 g
• Indar 75 WSP @ 140 g

Comments

This spray is only necessary under rainy and humid conditions just prior to harvest (within three days of
picking).
For more information on resistance management see Brown rot control, on page 215.
Sulphur: Use may induce mite problems.

Learn more

• Notes on Tender Fruit Insects & Diseases
  • Brown rot

| Top of Page |

Fall spray (preferred time to spray for leaf curl)

Diseases and Insects

• Leaf curl

Materials and Amount

• Ferbam 76 WDG @ see label
• Bravo 500 @ 7.00 L

Comment

Apply any time after leaves are off in fall or winter when temperature in shade is above freezing and conditions favor rapid drying.

| Top of Page

Table 10-13. Products Used on Peaches

Use this table as a guide, but refer to product label for specific information.

The preharvest interval is the number of days between the last spray and first harvest.

The re-entry period is the minimum interval that must be observed between applying the pesticide and working in the treated crop without protective equipment. If no re-entry period is stated on the label, assume that the spray solution must be dry before re-entry can occur.

The maximum number of applications is the labelled maximum number for the growing season, and may be higher than what is recommended for resistance management or for preserving beneficial insects.

| Top of Page |