Royal Gala (Figure 3):

• Eight rootstocks (Bud.9, M.9 EMLA, M.9 T337, M.9 Nic.29, V.3) were significantly smaller than M.26 EMLA. PI.80, CG.16, V.1 Pajam 2, and MM.106 were all statistically similar in size to M.26 EMLA.
• Tree size (trunk cross-sectional area) ranged from 64 to 104% relative to M.26E with Bud.9 being the smallest
• Cumulative yields after 7 years were statistically different among rootstocks. V.1, CG.16, Pajam 2, and V.3 had the highest cumulative yields. The following rootstocks had statistically lower yield efficiencies over five years of production: M.9 EMLA, M.26 EMLA, Pl.80, MM.106
  M.9 T337 had 30% tree mortality over the life of the experiment. This was higher than any other rootstock.