New IPM & Growth Regulator Products for Apples in 2008

Kanemite®(acquinocyl):

A new miticide registered for managing European red mite and two-spotted spider mite. This miticide is active against all life stages (eggs, nymphs, adults). This product provides rapid knockdown of mite populations. It should be applied when there are 3-5 mites/leaf. This miticide inhibits electron transport in the mitochondria blocking cellular respiration (group 20B). It has a novel mode of action thus can be used as a rotational product to help manage mite resistance. Activity occurs primarily by contact and secondarily by ingestion. It is considered to have a 6-8 week residual control due to its activity on all life stages. As with other miticides, coverage is essential for efficacy. Only apply a single miticide each year, then rotate to a product with a different mode of action and rotate between different chemistries. PHI=14 days, REI=12 hours.

Delegate® (spinetoram):

This is a chemically modified “new and improved Success insecticide.” It is in the same chemical family as Success (Group 5) and should be rotated accordingly. Delegate affects the nervous system of the insect and acts by ingestion (primarily) and contact (secondary) providing quick knockdown and residual. It is active against many insect growth stages. Delegate has translaminar activity. It has a longer residual (14 days+) and is a more broad spectrum insecticide then Success (spinosad) with a significantly longer residual. Delegate provides control of codling moth, oriental fruit moth, obliquebanded leafrollers, and spotted tentiform leafminers, along with suppression of apple maggot and plum curculio in pome fruit (apple and pear). As with Success the spray solution pH can affect the performance of Delegate so a pH of 6-8 is preferred for optimal performance. Apply Delegate when the threshold is reached (similar timing to Success for OBLR), and same timing as Calypso and Assail for codling moth and oriental fruit moth. PHI=7 days for pome fruit, REI=12 hours.

Altacor® (rynaxypyr):

This insecticide is not registered yet, but will hopefully be available to growers April/May 2008. It is a new chemical class (group 28) insecticide that affects the ryanodine receptors of insects. These receptors play a critical role in muscle function. Insects treated with this product rapidly stop feeding, are lethargic, experience muscle paralysis and ultimately die. This product has translaminar activity, and is active via ingestion (primary) and contact (secondary). Altacor will be registered for codling moth, oriental fruit moth, spotted tentiform leafminer, obliquebanded leafroller in pome fruit (apple and pear). The registration for this product will be a global registration, and as a result this product will be available to growers in the US, Canada and Europe at the same time.Apply Altacor when thresholds are reached. Altacor has a 14+ day residual in pome fruit. PHI=14 days, REI= ~2 hours.

Movento® (spirotetramat):

This insecticide is not registered yet, but registration is anticipated for spring (May) 2008. Movento is a lipid biosynthesis inhibitor (Group 23) that is active when ingested by immature insects that feed on treated plants. It also reduces the ability of females to reproduce, and decreases the survival of their offspring. The product is systemic and moves up and down through the entire plant (shoots, leaves and roots). It re-distributes to new growth, however, there is no movement to old growth. Research suggests that this product has excellent activity against rosy apple aphids, woolly apple aphid (WAA), green apple aphid, and San Jose scale. This product also has activity against pear psylla. The residual of the product depends on the amount of leaf tissue; the more leaf growth present, the longer the residual of the product. The product is considered to have a slow initial effect, but relatively long residual effect. As with other products for aphids (especially WAA) coverage is essential. It is also important to target WAA before they are covered by the waxy white protective coating. Use of a non-ionic adjuvant (Agral 90, Activate plus, Ag Surf and LI 700) adjuvant is required for this product, since it helps get the product into the plants. This will be the first product in a long time to be registered for scale. In orchards with scale, Movento can be applied in mid-June and mid-August to target crawlers before they mate. PHI=7 days, REI=12 hours.

MaxCel®:

Maxcel is a post bloom thinning and fruit sizing product that has been registered in Canada and is available for use during the 2008 growing season. The only active ingredient in Maxcel is 6BA. Unlike Accel, it contains no gibberellins. Maxcel is registered with a much higher upper limit of allowable concentration of the Cytokinin BA in the spray solution. The highest concentration of BA in Accel treatment that we can apply is 75 ppm (4 litres product per 1000 litres water) and a maximum of 4 liters of Accel per hectare. Maxcel has the potential to be more useful for hard to thin cultivars like Fuji, Golden Delicious, and Royal Gala. The maximum concentration of BA on the label of Maxcel is set at 200 ppm. While this is the upper limit of concentration of BA in a Maxcel treatment, experience has shown that thinning results with hard to thin cultivars in Ontario can be quite satisfactory with a concentration of 100 – 150 ppm of BA alone or 75-100 ppm BA in combination with Carbaryl ( see article by Dr. John Cline in the Orchard Management Section of this newsletter). Table 2 in the article by John Cline gives you the amount of Maxcel per 1000 Litres that will give you the desired concentration of BA. Typically, thinning sprays do require adequate water volumes to wet the tree canopy. As with most growth regulators, effects are only as good as the distribution uniformity of the spray.

Other new products/Uses in publication 360

The expected date for circulation of publication 360 is mid-March 2008. Many of the products listed above will not be listed in publication 360, since they were registered after our submission review in November. The committee that reviews publications for pub 360 will be reviewing new submissions, and any new products that are accepted will be posted on an electronic supplement that is available on the OMAFRA website. If you have any questions about the post-publication additions you can contact me at 519-426-4322 or kathryn.carter@ontario.ca. A few of the new additions to publication 360 are the listings of Diazinon for control of Woolly apple aphid and Imidan for controlling Japanese beetle. Scholar was also added as a postharvest treatment for blue mold and grey mold in apple.

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