Breaking Through the Soybean Yield Plateau

Average farm yields of soybeans in Ontario have been stagnant over the past two decades. Although soybean genetics continue to improve, this genetic gain is not being realized in enough fields. The reasons for the slow gain in field yields are complex, but higher commodity prices have provided greater economic incentive to find solutions to these mediocre yields. Yield contest winners in the US of over 150 bu/ac, have also reminded us that the yield potential of soybeans is at least 3 times higher than what we typically see in the field.

Ontario farmers, researchers, and extension specialists are working to find solutions to improve soybean yields. Current agronomic recommendations are based on research with relatively narrow objectives that focus on simple effects of a few factors at a time. A list of average yield gains from separate experiments conducted in Ontario is listed in Table 1. This illustrates just a few of the management strategies that have been utilized to increase yield.

Now that soybean prices are higher, it is time to consider managing more intensively. A current initiative to assess the economics of intensively managed soybeans is made up of three parts:

1. University of Guelph small plot research to test the additive effects of various inputs and management strategies,
2. Replicated producer field length strip trials to assess the economics on a larger scale,
3. Ontario Soybean Growers (OSG) yield contest to learn from high yielding producers.

OSG Yield Contest

2008 marks the first year for the Soybean Yield Challenge, sponsored by the OSG. To compete in the challenge, the soybean field size must be a minimum of 10 acres and the harvested plot must be a minimum of 1.5 acres of that same field. All soybean production practices will be permitted. Either conventional or genetically modified seed is eligible, but all seed must be certified. Growers will be required to fill out a survey form stating production practices of the competition field, location of field and general weather data. Deadline to enter is June 15, 2008. A $10 entry fee per variety is required. Competition areas will be divided into three provincial zones based on maturity groups; Zone 1 - 2700 HU and under; Zone 2 – 2725 to 3000 HU; and Zone 3 – 3025 HU and above. 

The highest yielding field in each zone garners a cash prize of $10 per bushel of yield and a Yield Challenge jacket. Prizes for the second highest yielding field in each zone includes tickets to farm equipment shows and a Yield Challenge jacket. Each entrant will receive a stylish Yield Challenge hat. 

To enter the Soybean Yield Challenge, contact the Ontario Soybean Growers 519-767-1744 or Ontario Soybean Growers website. 

With this collaborative three-pronged approach, significant progress can be made toward finding more effective recommendations for improving soybean yields over the next few years.

Related Links:

• Ontario Soybean Growers

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